Geodésicas en variedades de Riemann
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[ES] Tras introducir la noción de variedad de Riemann, se estudiará la conexión de Levi-
Civita; su existencia y unicidad. Así, será posible introducir el concepto de geodésica parametrizada
como las curvas cuya velocidad determina un campo de vectores paralelo a lo
largo de la curva. Estudiaremos las propiedades minimizantes de las geodésicas, mostrando
que si una curva uniendo dos puntos tiene longitud menor que cualquier otra curva que
una dichos puntos, entonces es una geodésica. Aunque el recíproco del anterior resultado
no es cierto en general, sí se cumple localmente, mostrando que en entornos uniformemente
normales las geodésicas son las curvas de menor longitud que unen dos puntos dados.
[EN] After introducing the notion of Riemannian manifold, the Levi-Civita connection will be studied; its existence and uniqueness. Thus, it will be possible to introduce the concept of parametrized geodesics as the curves whose velocity determines a parallel vector field along the curve. We will study the minimizing properties of geodesics, showing that if a curve joining two points has length less than any other curve joining those points, then it is a geodesic. Although the converse of the previous result is not true in general, it is true locally, showing that in uniformly normal neighborhoods the geodesics are the curves of shortest length that join two given points.
[EN] After introducing the notion of Riemannian manifold, the Levi-Civita connection will be studied; its existence and uniqueness. Thus, it will be possible to introduce the concept of parametrized geodesics as the curves whose velocity determines a parallel vector field along the curve. We will study the minimizing properties of geodesics, showing that if a curve joining two points has length less than any other curve joining those points, then it is a geodesic. Although the converse of the previous result is not true in general, it is true locally, showing that in uniformly normal neighborhoods the geodesics are the curves of shortest length that join two given points.
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Traballo Fin de Grao en Matemáticas. Curso 2020-2021
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