Curvas críticas para funcionales geométricos
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[ES] El Teorema Fundamental de la Teoría de Curvas es uno de los resultados más importantes de dicha teoría y establece que toda curva está completamente determinada por su
curvatura y su torsión. El objetivo de este trabajo es obtener las ecuaciones correspondientes a las curvas críticas para ciertos funcionales y así llegar a una serie de condiciones que
relacionen estos invariantes geométricos.
Se estudiará el funcional longitud, cuyas curvas críticas se corresponden con las rectas
en el espacio. Además, se trabajará con los funcionales determinados por la curvatura total
y la norma L²
de la curvatura, para los cuales se obtienen caracterizaciones en términos
de la curvatura y torsión, obteniéndose las curvas elásticas como un caso particular.
[EN] The Fundamental Theorem of the Theory of curves, which is central in understading the local geometry of plane and space curves, shows that every curve is completely determined by its curvature and its torsion. The aim of this work is to obtain the equations (in terms of torsion and curvature) corresponding to the critical curves for certain geometric functionals defined in terms of the curvature. The length functional, whose critical curves are straight lines in the Euclidean space, is studied as a first step towards the understanding of more involved functionals. Special attention is paid to functionals given by the total curvature and the norm L² of the curvature, for which the corresponding critical curve equations are obtained in terms of curvature and torsion. Elastic curves are a particular example of critical curves.
[EN] The Fundamental Theorem of the Theory of curves, which is central in understading the local geometry of plane and space curves, shows that every curve is completely determined by its curvature and its torsion. The aim of this work is to obtain the equations (in terms of torsion and curvature) corresponding to the critical curves for certain geometric functionals defined in terms of the curvature. The length functional, whose critical curves are straight lines in the Euclidean space, is studied as a first step towards the understanding of more involved functionals. Special attention is paid to functionals given by the total curvature and the norm L² of the curvature, for which the corresponding critical curve equations are obtained in terms of curvature and torsion. Elastic curves are a particular example of critical curves.
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Traballo Fin de Grado en Matemáticas. Curso 2020-2021
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