Introducción de coordenadas en un plano afín
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El objetivo de este trabajo es relacionar la geometría sintética con la geometría analítica
coordinatizando un plano afín. Para ello partiremos de una geometría plana, y formularemos tres axiomas geométricos, que asumiremos como verdaderos; y que nos garantizarán
la existencia de suficientes puntos y rectas. A continuación introduciremos los conceptos
de dilatación y de traslación, con los que, junto con un cuarto axioma, construiremos un
cuerpo. Todo esto nos permitirá describir los puntos a través de coordenadas, y las rectas
mediante ecuaciones lineales, definiendo así la geometría afín sobre un cuerpo dado, lo cual
es el principal objetivo del trabajo. Culminaremos presentando dos teoremas: el Teorema
de Desargues y el Teorema de Pappus, y añadiremos también dos ejemplos de planos afines
que no verifican los dos últimos resultados
The aim of this work is to relate synthetic geometry to analytic geometry by coordinatizing an afine plane. For that purpose, we will start from plane geometry, and we will formulate three geometrical axioms, which we will assume as true; and which will guarantee the existence of suficient points and lines. Afterwards, we will introduce the concepts of dilatation and translation, with which, alongside a fourth axiom, we will construct a field. All of this will permit us to describe points through coordinates, and lines by linear equations, defining this way the afine geometry based on a given field, which is the main purpose of the work. We will culminate by presenting two theorems: Desargues' Theorem and Pappus' Theorem, and we will also add two examples of afine planes which do not verify the two last results
The aim of this work is to relate synthetic geometry to analytic geometry by coordinatizing an afine plane. For that purpose, we will start from plane geometry, and we will formulate three geometrical axioms, which we will assume as true; and which will guarantee the existence of suficient points and lines. Afterwards, we will introduce the concepts of dilatation and translation, with which, alongside a fourth axiom, we will construct a field. All of this will permit us to describe points through coordinates, and lines by linear equations, defining this way the afine geometry based on a given field, which is the main purpose of the work. We will culminate by presenting two theorems: Desargues' Theorem and Pappus' Theorem, and we will also add two examples of afine planes which do not verify the two last results
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Traballo Fin de Grao en Matemáticas. Curso 2021-2022
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