Optimización con restricciones
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[ES] La optimización, se ha convertido en las últimas décadas, en una demanda constante
en multitud de ramas del conocimiento. Es por ello, que su estudio desde el punto de
vista matemático se ha visto incrementado en la última mitad del siglo pasado hasta la
actualidad.
En este trabajo de fin de grado, se hace un estudio teórico-práctico de dichos problemas
de optimización. En un primer lugar, se darán nociones básicas del caso mas sencillo posible,
es decir, la optimización sin restricciones. Para después, comenzar a exponer los resultados
más relevantes (desde un punto de vista teórico) de la optimización con restricciones.
Además, se aplicarán dichos conocimientos a la optimización cuadrática. Ésta, es un
caso especial que suele causar especial interés por su sencillez en multitud de casos, y lo
que no es menos importante, su utilización para resolver problemas más complejos.
Finalmente, se abordará el problema de optimización desde un punto de vista práctico.
En este caso, se estudiarán diferentes métodos que muestran diversas formas de abordar el
problema. Así pues, se aportarán de forma explícita los algoritmos que pueden ser implementados
en cualquier lenguaje de programación (como MATLAB u otros) para obtener
finalmente la solución deseada.
[EN] The optimization, has become in the last decades, in a constant demand in multitude of branches of the knowledge. That is why its study, from the mathematical point of view, has been increased in the last half of the last century to the present. In this final degree project, a theoretical-practical study of these optimization problems is made. In the first place, basic notions of the simplest possible case will be given, that is, the unconstrained optimization. Then, begin to expose the most relevant results (from a theoretical point of view) of the constrained optimization. In addition, these knowledge will be applied to quadratic optimization. This is a special case that usually causes special interest because of its simplicity in many cases, and what is no less important, its use to solve more complex problems. Finally, the optimization problem will be addressed from a practical point of view. In this case, different methods that show different ways of approaching the problem will be studied. Thus, the algorithms that can be implemented in any programming language (such as MATLAB or others) will be explicitly provided to finally obtain the desired solution.
[EN] The optimization, has become in the last decades, in a constant demand in multitude of branches of the knowledge. That is why its study, from the mathematical point of view, has been increased in the last half of the last century to the present. In this final degree project, a theoretical-practical study of these optimization problems is made. In the first place, basic notions of the simplest possible case will be given, that is, the unconstrained optimization. Then, begin to expose the most relevant results (from a theoretical point of view) of the constrained optimization. In addition, these knowledge will be applied to quadratic optimization. This is a special case that usually causes special interest because of its simplicity in many cases, and what is no less important, its use to solve more complex problems. Finally, the optimization problem will be addressed from a practical point of view. In this case, different methods that show different ways of approaching the problem will be studied. Thus, the algorithms that can be implemented in any programming language (such as MATLAB or others) will be explicitly provided to finally obtain the desired solution.
Description
Traballo Fin de Grao en Matemáticas. Curso 2018-2019
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