Xeometría global de curvas
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O obxectivo deste traballo é contextualizar, enunciar e demostrar algúns dos teoremas máis relevantes da teoría global de curvas planas desde a perspectiva da xeometría diferencial. Así, abordaremos o estudo da Umlaufsatz de Hopf, o teorema da curva pechada de Jordan, a desigualdade isoperimétrica, o teorema de Fenchel e o teorema dos catro vértices. Despois dunha breve introdución aos conceptos básicos da xeometría diferencial de curvas planas, presentaremos as ferramentas necesarias para o estudo de cada un dos resultados mencionados, para finalmente proporcionar unha proba de cada un deles. Tales probas serán eminentemente xeométricas, se ben en varios casos contarán cunha compoñente topolóxica e analítica importante.
The objective of this work is to contextualize, state and prove some of the most relevant theorems of the global theory of plane curves from a differential geometry perspective. Thus, we will address the study of Hopf's Umlaufsatz, Jordan's closed curve theorem, the isoperimetric inequality, Fenchel's theorem and the four-vertex theorem. After a short introduction to the basic concepts of differential geometry of plane curves, we will present the necessary tools for the study of each of the mentioned results, to finally provide a proof of each of them. Such proofs will be eminently geometric, although in several cases they will have an important topological and analytical component.
The objective of this work is to contextualize, state and prove some of the most relevant theorems of the global theory of plane curves from a differential geometry perspective. Thus, we will address the study of Hopf's Umlaufsatz, Jordan's closed curve theorem, the isoperimetric inequality, Fenchel's theorem and the four-vertex theorem. After a short introduction to the basic concepts of differential geometry of plane curves, we will present the necessary tools for the study of each of the mentioned results, to finally provide a proof of each of them. Such proofs will be eminently geometric, although in several cases they will have an important topological and analytical component.
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