Optimización de problemas con ecuacións diferenciais alxébricas
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A optimización de problemas con restricións de tipo diferencial descríbese a través dos co- ñecidos como problemas de control óptimo, obxecto de estudo do traballo. Así pois, alén dunha presentación dos sistemas de ecuacións diferenciais e alxébricas, introdúcese esta clase de problemas. Apórtanse comentarios e interpretacións sobre a súa definición e lévase a cabo unha breve discusión teórica, na que se enuncia o principio do máximo de Pontryagin, resultado de grande importancia nesta área que significa unha primeira forma de atopar unha solución. A continuación, expóñense os métodos directos de resolución máis coñecidos, que se basean nunha discretización do problema orixinal, dando lugar a un de programación non linear atacable con ferramentas habituais de optimización como a programación cuadrática secuencial. Ademais, estes métodos compleméntanse con dous algoritmos iterativos de refinamento da malla para mellorar o erro da aproximación discreta obtida. Para finalizar, resólvense unha serie de exemplos mediante un código orixinal implementado en MATLAB.
The optimization of problems with di erential constraints is described through the so-called optimal control problems, focus of this work. Therefore, after a presentation of the systems of differential algebraic equations, this kind of problems is introduced. Remarks and interpretations on its definition are provided, including also a brief theorical discussion, in which the maximum principle of Pontryagin is formulated, a highly important result on this field that means a first way of finding a solution. Next, the most frequently used direct methods for resolution are explained, which are based on a discretization of the original problem, leading to a nonlinear programming one which can be solved by using usual approaches such as sequential quadratic programming. Moreover, these methods are complemented with iterative algorithms of mesh refinement in order to improve the error of the discrete approximation obtained. Finally, some illustrative examples are solved employing an original code implemented in MATLAB.
The optimization of problems with di erential constraints is described through the so-called optimal control problems, focus of this work. Therefore, after a presentation of the systems of differential algebraic equations, this kind of problems is introduced. Remarks and interpretations on its definition are provided, including also a brief theorical discussion, in which the maximum principle of Pontryagin is formulated, a highly important result on this field that means a first way of finding a solution. Next, the most frequently used direct methods for resolution are explained, which are based on a discretization of the original problem, leading to a nonlinear programming one which can be solved by using usual approaches such as sequential quadratic programming. Moreover, these methods are complemented with iterative algorithms of mesh refinement in order to improve the error of the discrete approximation obtained. Finally, some illustrative examples are solved employing an original code implemented in MATLAB.
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