Que é a teoría de categorías?
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A teoría de categorías permite expresar numerosas realidades matemáticas en diversos
ámbitos cunha linguaxe común, facilitando a súa clasificación e a busca de conexións entre
ditos ámbitos, ou entre aspectos diferentes do mesmo. E unha ferramenta potente para o
estudo de estruturas matemáticas, guiando as definicións de construcións habituais, como
o produto tensor ou o módulo libre, que teñeen análogos que, a primeira vista, semellan non
ter nada que ver. Coa fin de incidir nestas características, este documento estará repleto
de exemplos variados, ilustrando cada un dos conceptos introducidos, empezando coas
nocións básicas de categoría, functor e transformación natural, e despois centrándose nas
ideas de equivalencia de categorías e adxunción entre functores.
Category theory allows us to express numerous mathematical realities in diverse realms with a common language, making their classification and the search for connections amongst said realms, in the form of natural transformations and equivalences of categories, easier tasks. It is a powerful tool for studying of mathematical structures, guiding the definitions of usual constructions such as the tensor product or the free module, which have parallel constructions that, at first sight, have nothing to do with each other. With the end goal of reinforcing the importance of these characteristics, this document will be full of varied examples, illustrating each and every one of the concepts being introduced, starting with the basic notions of categories, functors and natural tranformations, and later focusing on the concepts of equivalence of categories and adjunction between functors.
Category theory allows us to express numerous mathematical realities in diverse realms with a common language, making their classification and the search for connections amongst said realms, in the form of natural transformations and equivalences of categories, easier tasks. It is a powerful tool for studying of mathematical structures, guiding the definitions of usual constructions such as the tensor product or the free module, which have parallel constructions that, at first sight, have nothing to do with each other. With the end goal of reinforcing the importance of these characteristics, this document will be full of varied examples, illustrating each and every one of the concepts being introduced, starting with the basic notions of categories, functors and natural tranformations, and later focusing on the concepts of equivalence of categories and adjunction between functors.
Description
Traballo Fin de Grao en Matemáticas. Curso 2021-2022
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