Os espazos W ⷦʻ¹;(I)

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[GL] No estudo das ecuacións diferenciais ordinarias e en derivadas parciais adquiren unha especial relevancia os chamados espazos W ⷦʻ ⷬ(I) ou espazos de Sobolev, xa que lles dá nome o matemático ruso Serguéi Sobolev. Dada a amplitude do que abrangue este concepto, este traballo céntrase en concreto nos espazos W ⷦʻ¹(I) con I ⊂ R, para acabarmos vendo o caso particular do espazo W¹,¹(I). Este último permitiranos demostrar que se pode chegar a definir o espazo de Sobolev por medio de dúas vías que pouco teñen que ver entre si: unha clásica, por medio das funcións absolutamente continuas, e outra moderna, usando a teoría das distribucións. Para chegar a esta conclusión, precísanse aclarar conceptos preliminares topolóxicos para dar paso á teoría das distribucións e, tamén, de integración de Lebesgue, como paso previo para poder chegar a esa equivalencia.
[EN] The so-called spaces W ⷦʻ ⷬ(I) spaces, named after the Russian mathematician Serguéi Sobolev, acquire special relevance in the study of ordinary differential equations and partial derivatives. As a consequence of this concept's breadth, this research work focuses specifically on the spaces W ⷦʻ¹(I) with I ⊂ R, so as to eventually analyse the particular case of the space W¹,¹(I). The latter will allow us to demonstrate that the Sobolev space can be defined through two different ways that have little to do with each other: on the one hand, the classic way, by means of the Absolute Continuous Functions; and on the other hand, the modern way, by using the Theory of Distributions. In order to reach that conclusion, it is vital to clarify some preliminary topological concepts so that we can move forward to the Theory of Distributions, and also some Lebesgue Integration concepts, as a previous step to reach that equivalence.

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Traballo Fin de grao en Matemáticas. Curso 2019-2020

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