Eficacia de la mnemotecnia de la palabra clave en personas adultas
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Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos del Principado de Asturias
Facultad y Departamento de Psicología de la Universidad de Oviedo
Facultad y Departamento de Psicología de la Universidad de Oviedo
Abstract
A través de dos experimentos intentamos averiguar la efectividad de la mnemotecnia de la palabra clave
en personas adultas. En el Experimento 1 miramos si el recuerdo, inmediato y al cabo de un día, es
superior en el grupo que utilizó la mnemotecnia de la palabra clave o en el grupo que utilizó el método
de repetición. El grupo de personas que participó en la investigación tenía una media de edad de 59,35
años y tenía que aprender la traducción de una lista de 16 palabras latinas. Encontramos que el grupo que
utilizó la mnemotecnia de la palabra clave, cuando ésta fue seleccionada por compañeros de las mismas
características que los participantes, tuvo un recuerdo inmediato y al cabo de un día signifi cativamente
superior al grupo de repetición. En el Experimento 2 se utilizó una lista de 24 palabras latinas para
que los participantes aprendiesen la traducción española mediante la mnemotecnia de la palabra clave
reforzada con dibujos. También encontramos que el recuerdo inmediato y demorado del grupo de la
mnemotecnia de la palabra clave fue signifi cativamente superior al recuerdo del grupo que aprendió
mediante el método de repetición
Two experiments were used to assess the effi cacy of the keyword mnemonic method in adults. In Experiment 1, immediate and delayed recall (at a oneday interval) were assessed by comparing the results obtained by a group of adults using the keyword mnemonic method in contrast to a group using the repetition method. The mean age of the sample under study was 59.35 years. Subjects were required to learn a list of 16 words translated from Latin into Spanish. Participants who used keyword mnemonics that had been devised by other experimental participants of the same characteristics, obtained signifi cantly higher immediate and delayed recall scores than participants in the repetition method. In Experiment 2, other participants had to learn a list of 24 Latin words translated into Spanish by using the keyword mnemonic method reinforced with pictures. Immediate and delayed recall were signifi cantly greater in the keyword mnemonic method group than in the repetition method group
Two experiments were used to assess the effi cacy of the keyword mnemonic method in adults. In Experiment 1, immediate and delayed recall (at a oneday interval) were assessed by comparing the results obtained by a group of adults using the keyword mnemonic method in contrast to a group using the repetition method. The mean age of the sample under study was 59.35 years. Subjects were required to learn a list of 16 words translated from Latin into Spanish. Participants who used keyword mnemonics that had been devised by other experimental participants of the same characteristics, obtained signifi cantly higher immediate and delayed recall scores than participants in the repetition method. In Experiment 2, other participants had to learn a list of 24 Latin words translated into Spanish by using the keyword mnemonic method reinforced with pictures. Immediate and delayed recall were signifi cantly greater in the keyword mnemonic method group than in the repetition method group
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Campos, A., Pérez-Fabello, M. J., & Camino, E. (2010). Eficacia de la mnemotecnia de la palabra clave en personas adultas. Psicothema, 22(4), 752-757
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