Educación, arte y naturaleza en William T. Harris y Manuel B. Cossío
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Sociedad Española de Historia de la Educación
Abstract
William Torrey Harris (1835-1909) es un educador de gran importancia
en los Estados Unidos: es el eslabón que enlaza el pensamiento de
Horace Mann con John Dewey. Harris conoció a Giner y Cossío en París
en 1889 y desde entonces mantuvo una relación estable con la Institución
Libre de Enseñanza (ILE), que facilitó un intercambio de información y
un mayor conocimiento en España de las ideas pedagógicas que se estaban
desarrollando en su país. Se estudian así los primeros contactos entre
la pedagogía norteamericana y la ILE, y se hace un recorrido por la biografía
de Harris hasta que fue nombrado comisario de educación de los
Estados Unidos, especialmente en lo que fue su primer contacto con el
trascendentalismo y su conexión posterior con el pensamiento de Hegel,
de su preocupación por integrar todo ese pensamiento en la idea del kindergarten como un espacio netamente público, de convivencia entre todos
los grupos y clases sociales. En la centralidad del estudio se examinan algunas
concomitancias y diferencias entre el pensamiento de Harris y el de
Cossío en relación con la capacidad educadora del arte y la naturaleza,
especialmente en el ámbito escolar y la formación técnica, concluyéndose
que ambos forman parte de una red trasnacional que impregna el pensamiento pedagógico más allá de los marcos nacionales que Kloppenberg
denomina «transatlantic community of discourse», un complejo proceso
de convergencia intelectual que buscaba una vía intermedia entre el idealismo y el positivismo
William Torrey Harris (1835-1909) was an educator of great importance in the United States and can be seen as the link between the thought of Horace Mann and John Dewey. Harris met Giner and Cossío in Paris in 1889 and from that point on maintained a stable relationship with the Institución Libre de Enseñanza (Free Institution of Teaching, ILE). This allowed for an exchange of information and increased the knowledge in Spain of the pedagogical ideas that were being developed in his country. This paper looks at the first contacts between American pedagogy and the ILE, before walking us through Harris’ biography until he was appointed commissioner of education in the United States. We focus on his initial contact with transcendentalism and its subsequent connection with the thought of Hegel and on his wish to integrate all of these concepts into the idea of kindergarten as a fundamentally public space of coexistence for people of all groups and social classes. The core of the study offers a review of some similarities and differences between the thought of Harris and Cossío in connection with the educational potential of art and nature, especially regarding schools and technical training, concluding that both are part of a transnational trend in pedagogical thinking that goes beyond national frameworks. This «transatlantic community of discourse», as Kloppenberg called it, is a complex process of intellectual convergence that sought a middle way between idealism and positivism.
William Torrey Harris (1835-1909) was an educator of great importance in the United States and can be seen as the link between the thought of Horace Mann and John Dewey. Harris met Giner and Cossío in Paris in 1889 and from that point on maintained a stable relationship with the Institución Libre de Enseñanza (Free Institution of Teaching, ILE). This allowed for an exchange of information and increased the knowledge in Spain of the pedagogical ideas that were being developed in his country. This paper looks at the first contacts between American pedagogy and the ILE, before walking us through Harris’ biography until he was appointed commissioner of education in the United States. We focus on his initial contact with transcendentalism and its subsequent connection with the thought of Hegel and on his wish to integrate all of these concepts into the idea of kindergarten as a fundamentally public space of coexistence for people of all groups and social classes. The core of the study offers a review of some similarities and differences between the thought of Harris and Cossío in connection with the educational potential of art and nature, especially regarding schools and technical training, concluding that both are part of a transnational trend in pedagogical thinking that goes beyond national frameworks. This «transatlantic community of discourse», as Kloppenberg called it, is a complex process of intellectual convergence that sought a middle way between idealism and positivism.
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Otero Urtaza, E. Educación, arte y naturaleza en William T. Harris y Manuel B. Cossío, Historia y Memoria de la Educación, 5 (2017): 15-71
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https://doi.org/10.5944/hme.5.2017.16835Sponsors
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Copyright (c) 2017 Historia y Memoria de la Educación. Este obra está bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional








