La formación profesional básica, ¿alternativa al fracaso escolar?
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ISSN: 0034-8082
E-ISSN: 0034-592X
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Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte
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Introducción: En el contexto europeo, uno de los desafíos para los próximos
años se centra en reducir el fracaso escolar y el abandono educativo como medida
para promover la equidad, la cohesión social y la ciudadanía activa. En el caso
de España, las últimas estadísticas de Eurostat ponen de manifiesto que este
objetivo está todavía lejos de conseguirse, debido a las elevadas cifras de fracaso
escolar y abandono. La Ley Orgánica 8/2013, para la Mejora de la Calidad
Educativa, impulsa las enseñanzas de Formación Profesional Básica (FPB) y uno
de sus objetivos es ofrecer a este alumnado una cualificación profesional, al
tiempo que contribuir a su continuidad en el sistema educativo. Con una duración
de 2 años, se implantan en el curso 2014-15. En este marco, lo que nos
proponemos es realizar un diagnóstico de la FPB con relación con la oportunidad
que pueda suponer para potenciar la permanencia del alumnado en el sistema
educativo. Metodología: Se ha procedido a utilizar la técnica de análisis de
documentos científicos y legislativos, y de fuentes estadísticas, con la finalidad
de profundizar en nuestro objeto de estudio, ampliar el conocimiento existente
sobre el mismo, clarificar el estado de la cuestión sobre el tema, y organizar datos
estadísticos oficiales disgregados y dispersos. Resultados: Se constatan diferencias
importantes entre las distintas comunidades autónomas en lo que respecta a la
tasa de idoneidad, así como en la evolución de la matrícula en FPB entre los
cursos 2014-15 y 2015-16. Por otra parte, en la transición de 1º a 2º se pierde el 47,82% del alumnado. Conclusión: Las enseñanzas de Formación Profesional
Básica no logran su objetivo básico, esto es, mantener al alumnado en el sistema
educativo
Introduction: In the European context, one of the challenges for the next years centers on reducing academic failure and school drop-out as measures to promote equity, social cohesion and active citizenship. In the case of Spain, Eurostat's latest statistics reveal that this aim is still far from being achieved, since we reach high rates of academic failure and school drop-out. The Organic Law 8/2013, for the Improvement of the Quality of Education, promotes Basic Vocational Training (BVT) with the aim of offering students a professional qualification while helping them to continue in the educational system. With a duration of 2 years, this training started in the academic year 2014-15. On these grounds, our aim is to give a diagnosis of the BVT as regards the opportunity that it entails for students to stay in the educational system. Methodology: We have proceeded to use the technique of analyzing scientific and legal documents and statistical sources with the purpose of deepening into our object of study, broadening the existing knowledge of the topic, clarifying the state of the art, and organizing statistical official information currently disintegrated and dispersed. Results: there is evidence of important differences among the various autonomous communities regarding the rate of suitability, as well as the evolution of enrollment for BVT between the years 2014-15 and 2015-16. Besides, in the transition from the first to the second year 47,82 % of the student body is lost Conclusion: Basic Vocational Training courses do not achieve their basic aim, which is to keep students in the educational system
Introduction: In the European context, one of the challenges for the next years centers on reducing academic failure and school drop-out as measures to promote equity, social cohesion and active citizenship. In the case of Spain, Eurostat's latest statistics reveal that this aim is still far from being achieved, since we reach high rates of academic failure and school drop-out. The Organic Law 8/2013, for the Improvement of the Quality of Education, promotes Basic Vocational Training (BVT) with the aim of offering students a professional qualification while helping them to continue in the educational system. With a duration of 2 years, this training started in the academic year 2014-15. On these grounds, our aim is to give a diagnosis of the BVT as regards the opportunity that it entails for students to stay in the educational system. Methodology: We have proceeded to use the technique of analyzing scientific and legal documents and statistical sources with the purpose of deepening into our object of study, broadening the existing knowledge of the topic, clarifying the state of the art, and organizing statistical official information currently disintegrated and dispersed. Results: there is evidence of important differences among the various autonomous communities regarding the rate of suitability, as well as the evolution of enrollment for BVT between the years 2014-15 and 2015-16. Besides, in the transition from the first to the second year 47,82 % of the student body is lost Conclusion: Basic Vocational Training courses do not achieve their basic aim, which is to keep students in the educational system
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Bibliographic citation
Sarceda Gorgoso, M.C., Santos González, M.C. y Sanjuán Roca, M.M. (2017). La formación profesional básica, ¿alternativa al fracaso escolar?. Revista de Educación, 378, pp. 75-98
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https://doi.org/10.4438/1988-592X-RE-2017-378-362Sponsors
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© 2017, Revista de Educación








