Predecir la dislexia evolutiva antes de la instrucción lectora: una revisión sistemática
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Universidad Católica Luís Amigo
Abstract
Introducción: La dislexia evolutiva es una alteración neurobiológica con perfil heterogéneo que se diagnostica tras comprobar que un niño no ha aprendido a leer como se esperaba. Su detección, antes del inicio de la instrucción lectora, tiende a ser imprecisa. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar y valorar habilidades psicolingüísticas que, evaluadas antes de la instrucción formal de la lectura, pueden predecir dificultades de lectura posteriores y guiar una intervención temprana. Método: Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática (años 2010-2020) siguiendo la declaración PRISMA en las bases de datos PsycINFO, Medline, Web of Science, Eric y SCOPUS. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 42 estudios que confirman que determinadas habilidades psicolingüísticas son relevantes para predecir el éxito lector. Conclusiones: Conciencia fonológica, velocidad de denominación, conocimiento del alfabeto y memoria fonológica presentan una fuerte correlación con el progreso inicial de la lectura y predicen las habilidades lectoras posteriores y la dislexia evolutiva
Introduction: Developmental dyslexia is a neurobiological disorder with a heterogeneous profile that is diagnosed after verifying that a child has not learned to read as expected. Its detection, before the beginning of the reading instruction, tends to be imprecise. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify and assess which psycholinguistic skills, assessed before formal reading instruction, can predict later reading difficulties and guide early intervention. Method: A systematic review (years 2010-2020) was carried out following the PRISMA statement in the PsycINFO, Medline, Web of Science, Eric and SCOPUS databases. Results: 42 studies were selected that confirm that certain psycholinguistic skills are relevant to predict reading success. Conclusions: Phonological awareness, naming speed, alphabet knowledge, and phonological memory strongly correlate with early reading progress and predict later reading skills and developmental dyslexia
Introduction: Developmental dyslexia is a neurobiological disorder with a heterogeneous profile that is diagnosed after verifying that a child has not learned to read as expected. Its detection, before the beginning of the reading instruction, tends to be imprecise. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify and assess which psycholinguistic skills, assessed before formal reading instruction, can predict later reading difficulties and guide early intervention. Method: A systematic review (years 2010-2020) was carried out following the PRISMA statement in the PsycINFO, Medline, Web of Science, Eric and SCOPUS databases. Results: 42 studies were selected that confirm that certain psycholinguistic skills are relevant to predict reading success. Conclusions: Phonological awareness, naming speed, alphabet knowledge, and phonological memory strongly correlate with early reading progress and predict later reading skills and developmental dyslexia
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Keywords
Dislexia| Dificultad en el aprendizaje| Aptitud para la lectura| Preparación para la lectura| Enseñanza de la lectura| Habilidades psicolingüísticas| Conciencia fonológica| Revisión sistemática| Dyslexia| Learning disabilities| Reading ability| Learning readiness| Reading instruction| Psycholinguistic skills| Phonological awareness| Systematic review
Bibliographic citation
Quiroga Bernardos, C., López Gómez, S., Iglesias Souto, P. M., & Taboada Ares, E. M. (2023). Predicting developmental dyslexia prior reading instruction: a systematic review. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales, 15(1), 243-271. https://doi.org/10.21501/22161201.4041
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© 2023 Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales. Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International








