Computación cuántica. Principios matemáticos y aplicaciones
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Este trabajo estudia las bases de la Computación Cuántica de forma íntegramente matemática, abstrayéndose de los sistemas físicos reales detrás de esta idealización. En primer lugar, se estudian los fundamentos de la Mecánica Cuántica, explorando conceptos y propiedades de los espacios de Hilbert sobre el cuerpo de los números complejos. A continuación, se definen los conceptos de cúbit y p-cúbit, así como las puertas lógicas cuánticas que actúan sobre ellos. Por último, se desarrollará una serie de algoritmos importantes con aplicaciones concretas que demuestran el interés por este tipo de lógica. El objetivo del trabajo es ser una introducción, desde los conceptos trabajados en el Grado de Matemáticas, al mundo de la Computación Cuántica sin requerir conocimientos previos sobre Física, de forma que dé un acceso más sencillo al entendimiento de algoritmos cuánticos o a su desarrollo.
This report studies the foundations of Quantum Computing in a fully mathematical manner, abstracting from the underlying real physical systems. Firstly, we study the fundamentals of Quantum Physics, exploring concepts and properties of Hilbert spaces over the field of complex numbers. Next, we define the concepts of qubit and p-qubit, along with the quantum logic gates that operate on them. Finally, we develop some important algorithms with specific applications that show the relevance of this kind of logic. The aim of this document is to serve as an introduction, based on concepts covered by the Mathematics undergraduate program, to the world of Quantum Computing, without requiring any previous knowledge of Physics, in doing so, it seeks to present easier access to understanding or developing quantum algorithms
This report studies the foundations of Quantum Computing in a fully mathematical manner, abstracting from the underlying real physical systems. Firstly, we study the fundamentals of Quantum Physics, exploring concepts and properties of Hilbert spaces over the field of complex numbers. Next, we define the concepts of qubit and p-qubit, along with the quantum logic gates that operate on them. Finally, we develop some important algorithms with specific applications that show the relevance of this kind of logic. The aim of this document is to serve as an introduction, based on concepts covered by the Mathematics undergraduate program, to the world of Quantum Computing, without requiring any previous knowledge of Physics, in doing so, it seeks to present easier access to understanding or developing quantum algorithms
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