Fórmulas de cuadratura

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Neste traballo abordaremos o estudo de métodos numéricos para o cálculo aproximado da integral definida a través de diversas fórmulas de cuadratura. En primeiro lugar, falaremos das fórmulas de cuadratura de tipo interpolatorio polinómico (de tipo i.p.) e daremos unhas pinceladas comúns a todas elas. Estudaremos en profundidade dous casos importantes das fórmulas de tipo i.p.: as fórmulas de Newton-Cotes e as fórmulas de Gauss. Por último, estudaremos as fórmulas de cuadratura compostas, que tratan de obter mellores resultados. Veremos como obter os coeficientes de cada respectiva fórmula, e para as gaussianas tamén os nodos de cuadratura. En cada caso falaremos do erro de cuadratura e daremos algún que outro resultado acerca da converxencia.
In this paper we will address the study of numerical methods for the approximate calculation of the definite integral through various quadrature formulas. First of all, we will talk about polynomial interpolatory quadrature formulas and we will offer a common glimpse to all of them. We will study in depth two important cases of the polynomial interpolatory quadrature formulas: the Newton-Cotes formulae and the Gaussian quadrature. Finally we will study composite quadrature formulae, which try to obtain better results. We will see how to obtain the coefficients of each respective formula and, for Gaussians, also the quadrature nodes. In each case we will talk about the quadrature error and give several results about convergence.

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Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International