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Reliability and validity of the geriatric depression scale in a sample of portuguese older adults with mild-to-moderate cognitive impairment
(MDPI, 2023) Justo Henriques, Susana Isabel; Pérez Sáez, Enrique; Carvalho, Janessa O.; Bobrowicz Campos, Elzbieta Malgorzata; Apóstolo, João L. Alves; Otero, Patricia; Vázquez González, Fernando Lino; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía
Although the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is a well-established instrument for the assessment of depressive symptoms in older adults, this has not been validated specifically for Portuguese older adults with cognitive impairment. The objective of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of two Portuguese versions of the GDS (GDS-27 and GDS-15) in a sample of Portuguese older adults with mild-to-moderate cognitive impairment. Clinicians assessed for major depressive disorder and cognitive functioning in 117 participants with mild-to-moderate cognitive decline (76.9% female, Mage = 83.66 years). The internal consistency of GDS-27 and GDS-15 were 0.874 and 0.812, respectively. There was a significant correlation between GDS-27 and GDS-15 with the Beck Depression Inventory-II (GDS-27: rho = 0.738, p < 0.001; GDS-15: rho = 0.760, p < 0.001), suggesting good validity. A cutoff point of 15/16 in GDS-27 and 8/9 in GDS-15 resulted in the identification of persons with depression (GDS-27: sensitivity 100%, specificity 63%; GDS-15: sensitivity 90%, specificity 62%). Overall, the GDS-27 and GDS-15 are reliable and valid instruments for the assessment of depression in Portuguese-speaking older adults with cognitive impairment.
Efficacy of a cognitive behavioral intervention for the prevention of depression in nonprofessional caregivers administered through a smartphone app: a randomized controlled trial
(MDPI, 2023) Vázquez González, Fernando Lino; Blanco Seoane, Vanessa; Hita, Isabel; Torres Iglesias, Ángela J.; Otero, Patricia; Páramo, Mario; Salmerón, Mar; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Evolutiva e da Educación; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Radioloxía, Saúde Pública, Enfermaría e Medicina
Due to the limited availability of in-person interventions for caregivers, the development of effective programs that use new technologies to prevent depression is needed. The goal of this research was to assess the efficacy of a cognitive behavioral intervention for the prevention of depression, administered to nonprofessional caregivers through a smartphone application (app). One hundred and seventy-five caregivers were randomly assigned to either an app-based cognitive behavioral intervention (CBIA), the CBIA intervention plus a telephone conference call (CBIA + CC), or an attention control group (ACG). At post-intervention, the incidence of depression was lower in the CBIA and CBIA + CC compared to the ACG (1.7% and 0.0% vs. 7.9%, respectively). The absolute risk, relative risk, and number needed to treat compared to the ACG were 6.2%, 21.6%, and 16 for the CBIA, whilst they were 8%, 0.0%, and 13 for the CBIA + CC. Depressive symptomatology was significantly lower in the CBIA and CBIA + CC compared to the ACG (d = 0.84, Cliff’s d = 0.49; d = 1.56, Cliff’s d = 0.72), as well as in the CBIA + CC compared to the CBIA (d = 0.72, Cliff’s d = 0.44). The prevention of depression was more likely in participants who received the CBIA, and adding the conference call in the CBIA + CC group improved the likelihood of this.
Prevalence and associated factors with poor sleep quality in non-professional caregivers
(MDPI, 2022) Simón, Miguel Ángel; Bueno, Ana M.; Blanco Seoane, Vanessa; Otero Otero, Patricia; Vázquez González, Fernando Lino; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Evolutiva e da Educación
This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of poor sleep quality in non-professional caregivers. With this purpose, cross-sectional data were collected from 201 dependent people’s family caregivers using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI), the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), and an ad hoc questionnaire to obtain sociodemographic data. A total of 153 family caregivers were categorized as poor sleepers (PSQI > 5), resulting in a prevalence of poor sleep quality of 76.1% (95% CI = 70.5–82.5). Poor sleepers were more likely to care for persons with mental disorders (χ2 = 7.31; p < 0.01) and scored significantly higher on perceived burden (z = −4.44; p < 0.001), psychological distress (z = −6.24; p < 0.001), and in all the PSQI subscales (p < 0.001), compared with good sleepers (PSQI ≤ 5). By contrast, no differences were found between poor and good sleepers in age, gender, years providing care, and daily hours of care. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the factors of caregiver burden (β = 0.15; p < 0.05) and psychological distress (β = 0.53; p < 0.001) were significantly associated with sleep quality in dependent people’s family caregivers. Cognitive-behavioral strategies to improve sleep quality in the primary health care of family caregivers are suggested
Predictores del cambio clínicamente significativo en una intervención de prevención de la depresión
(Consejo General de la Psicología de España, 2017) Blanco Seoane, Vanessa; Otero Otero, Patricia; López Ares, Lara; Torres Iglesias, Ángela J.; Vázquez González, Fernando Lino; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Evolutiva e da Educación; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Radioloxía, Saúde Pública, Enfermaría e Medicina
Una de las limitaciones de la investigación sobre prevención indicada de la depresión es que pocos trabajos han analizado la significación clínica de los efectos de la intervención. En el presente estudio, se asignaron al azar 170 cuidadoras no profesionales con síntomas depresivos a un grupo de intervención cognitivo-conductual (n = 88) o a un grupo control de atención habitual (n = 82). La intervención se aplicó en cinco sesiones de 90 minutos en grupos de aproximadamente cinco participantes, por psicólogos previamente entrenados. En la posintervención se encontró un porcentaje significativamente mayor de cuidadoras que alcanzaron un cambio clínicamente significativo en el grupo de intervención en comparación con el grupo control (62.5% vs. 15.9%; x 2 (1, N = 170) = 38.48, p < .001). Esto se mantuvo hasta los 12 meses de seguimiento, donde el 81.8% del grupo de intervención obtuvo un cambio clínicamente significativo frente al 17.1% del grupo control (x 2 (1, N = 170) = 71.18, p < .001). Las variables predictoras del cambio clínico para el grupo de intervención en la posintervención fueron dedicarse a las tareas domésticas y una mayor edad de la persona cuidada. En el seguimiento a 12 meses no se encontró ninguna variable predictora
Efficacy of video game-based interventions for active aging : a systematic literature review and meta-analysis
(Plos, 2018) Vázquez González, Fernando Lino; Otero Otero, Patricia; García Casal, Jesús Antonio; Blanco Seoane, Vanessa; Torres Iglesias, Ángela J.; Arrojo Romero, Manuel; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Evolutiva e da Educación; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Radioloxía, Saúde Pública, Enfermaría e Medicina
Background: Due to the appeal and recent technological advances of video games, the games have gained interest as an intervention tool for active aging. The aim of this systematic literature review and meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy of video games for active aging and to examine the influence of potential moderator variables. Methods: A systematic search was done using the following databases: Medline, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CINAHL and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. In addition, previous reviews and meta-analyses were used to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) of video game-based interventions for active aging published through February 28, 2018. An evaluation of the methodological quality of the articles and a meta-analysis and moderator analysis was conducted. Results: A total of 22 articles depicting 21 RCT with 1125 participants were included. The results indicated that video game-based interventions produced positive effects on objectively measured physical health, negative affect and social health, with small effect sizes (d = 0.41, d = 0.26 and d = 0.40, respectively). The magnitude of this effect was moderated by the presence of subclinical conditions of participants, the type of game (exergames), the presence of physical activity, the type of prevention (indicated), non-blinded assignation, and older age of participants. The methodological quality of the studies was acceptable, the weakest area being external validity. Conclusion: These finding indicate that video game-based interventions may assist adults in leading active aging processes and preventing secondary aging. Although more research is needed, video game-based interventions are a promising and accessible tool for active aging promotion
Health-related quality of life among persons with physical disabilities : a systematic review and meta-analysis
(Consejo General de la Psicología de España, 2020) Lima-Castro, Sandra; Blanco Seoane, Vanessa; Otero Otero, Patricia; López Ares, Lara; Vázquez González, Fernando Lino; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Evolutiva e da Educación
Although research suggests that people with physical disabilities experience impacts to their health-related quality of life (HRQL), there are no previous reviews or meta-analyses of studies that use appropriate assessment instruments in this population. The objective of this project was to conduct a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of studies that use the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) to evaluate HRQL in people with physical disabilities. We searched the PsycINFO, Medline, CINAHL and The Cochrane Library databases, identifying articles published through February 2020. The methodological quality of the studies was analyzed, and the pooled mean scores for each domain of the WHOQOL-BREF were calculated. Ten studies involving 2,048 people with physical disabilities were included. Their methodological quality was adequate. The pooled mean scores were 49.5 for the physical domain, 57.7 for the psychological domain, 58.2 for the social relations domain, and 55.5 for the environmental domain. The findings of this work confirm an impact of physical disabilities on the four HRQL domains in this population
Symptoms of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress and Prevalence of Major Depression and Its Predictors in Female University Students
(MDPI, 2021) Blanco Seoane, Vanessa; Salmerón Palenzuela, María del Mar; Otero Otero, Patricia; Vázquez González, Fernando Lino; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Evolutiva e da Educación
Depression, anxiety and stress are increasingly concerning phenomena in our society, with serious consequences on physical and mental health. The repercussions may be particularly devastating in particular population subgroups, such as female university students. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress and the prevalence of depression and associated factors, in Spanish university women. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a random sample of 871 students from the Santiago de Compostela University (mean age 20.7 years, SD = 2.8). Information was collected on sociodemographic and academic characteristics; symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress; diagnosis of major depression; optimism, resilience, social support, life engagement, and five personality domains, using validated instruments. Of the participants, 18.1%, 22.8% and 13.5% presented with severe/very severe levels of depression, anxiety and stress, respectively. A total of 12.9% had major depression. Higher life engagement was associated with lower risk of depression (OR = 0.92, 95% CI 0.87–0.98), while higher levels of neuroticism (OR = 1.20, 95% CI, 1.12–1.28) and openness to experience (OR = 1.08, 95% CI, 1.02–1.14) were associated with greater risk. These findings reveal an alarming percentage of female university students who experience major depression and severe/very severe stress
Long-Term Effects of a Cognitive Behavioral Conference Call Intervention on Depression in Non-Professional Caregivers
(MDPI, 2020) López Ares, Lara; Vázquez González, Fernando Lino; Torres Iglesias, Ángela J.; Otero Otero, Patricia; Blanco Seoane, Vanessa; Díaz Fernández, Olga; Páramo Fernández, Mario; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Evolutiva e da Educación; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Radioloxía, Saúde Pública, Enfermaría e Medicina
Recent evidence supports the efficacy of conference call cognitive–behavioral interventions in preventing depression in caregivers at post-intervention, but we do not know whether the results are sustained long term. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term efficacy of a cognitive–behavioral intervention administered by telephone conference call in preventing depression in caregivers with elevated depressive symptoms, comparing all components of the intervention versus only the behavioral ones. A randomized controlled trial was conducted using a dismantling strategy. At total of 219 caregivers were randomly assigned to a cognitive–behavioral conference call intervention (CBCC; n = 69), a behavioral-activation conference call intervention (BACC; n = 70), or a usual care control group (CG, n = 80). Information was collected on depressive symptoms and depression at pre-intervention and at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 36 months post-intervention. At 36 months, there was a reduction in depressive symptoms (p < 0.001) and a lower incidence of major depressive episodes in both the CBCC and BACC groups compared to CG (8.7%, 8.6%, and 33.7%, respectively). The results show that a conference call intervention was effective in the long term to prevent depression in caregivers and that the behavioral-activation component was comparable to the complete cognitive–behavioral protocol
Brief Psychological Intervention Through Mobile App and Conference Calls for the Prevention of Depression in Non-Professional Caregivers: A Pilot Study
(MDPI, 2020) Otero Otero, Patricia; Hita Millán, Isabel del Mar; Torres Iglesias, Ángela J.; Vázquez González, Fernando Lino; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Radioloxía, Saúde Pública, Enfermaría e Medicina
Despite its potential, no intervention aimed at non-professional caregivers administered through a smartphone app has been proven to prevent depression. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of an indicated depression-prevention intervention for non-professional caregivers administered through an app with the addition of conference-call contact. The intervention was administered to 31 caregivers (Mean age = 54.0 years, 93.5% women). An independent evaluation determined the incidence of depression, depressive symptoms, risk of developing depression, and the variables in the theoretical model (positive environmental reinforcement, negative automatic thoughts) at the pre-intervention and post-intervention, as well as the one- and three-month follow-ups. The incidence of depression at 3 months of follow-up was 6.5%. There was a significant reduction in depressive symptoms (p < 0.001) and in the risk of developing depression (p < 0.001) at the post-intervention and at the one- and three-month follow-ups. The model’s variables improved significantly after the intervention and were associated with post-intervention depressive symptoms. The intervention was more effective in caregivers who had a lower level of depressive symptoms at the pre-intervention. Adherence and satisfaction with the intervention were high. The results encourage future research using a randomized controlled clinical trial
Analysis of the Components of a Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention for the prevention of Depression Administered via Conference Call to Nonprofessional Caregivers: A Randomized Controlled Trial
(MDPI, 2020) Vázquez González, Fernando Lino; López Ares, Lara; Torres Iglesias, Ángela J.; Otero Otero, Patricia; Blanco Seoane, Vanessa; Díaz Fernández, Olga; Páramo Fernández, Mario; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Evolutiva e da Educación; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Radioloxía, Saúde Pública, Enfermaría e Medicina
Effective and accessible interventions for indicated prevention of depression are necessary and lacking, especially for informal caregivers. Although telephone-based interventions could increase the accessibility for caregivers, randomized controlled trials are scarce, with no examination of prevention to date. Moreover, the efficacy of specific therapeutic components in preventive cognitive-behavioral programs is unknown. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a telephone-administered psychological preventive intervention in informal caregivers with high depressive symptoms. A total of 219 caregivers were randomized to a cognitive-behavioral conference call intervention (CBCC, n = 69), a behavioral-activation conference call intervention (BACC, n = 70), or a usual care control group (CG, n = 80). Both interventions consisted of five 90-minute group sessions. At the post-intervention, incidence of depression was lower in CBCC and BACC compared to CG (1.5% and 1.4% vs. 8.8%). Relative risk was 0.17 for the CBCC and 0.16 for the BACC, and the number-needed-to-treat was 14 in both groups. Depressive symptoms were significantly lower in BACC and BACC groups compared to CG (d = 1.16 and 1.29), with no significant differences between CBCC and BACC groups. The conference call intervention was effective in preventing depression and the behavioral-activation component (BACC) was comparable to the CBCC intervention
Mental Health Problems and Related Factors in Ecuadorian College Students
(MDPI, 2017) Torres Montesinos, Claudia; Otero Otero, Patricia; Bustamante, Byron; Blanco Seoane, Vanessa; Díaz Fernández, Olga; Vázquez González, Fernando Lino; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Evolutiva e da Educación
Although the mental health problems of college students have been the subject of increasing research, there are no studies about its prevalence in Ecuadorian college students. The aim of this study was to determine the mental health problems and their associated factors in Ecuadorian freshmen university students. A sample of 1092 students (53.7% women; mean age = 18.3 years) were recruited from the Technical Particular University of Loja (Ecuador). Socio-demographic, academic, and clinical characteristics were gathered, as well as information on the participants’ mental health through a number of mental health screens. Prevalence of positive screens was 6.2% for prevalence of major depressive episodes, 0.02% for generalized anxiety disorders, 2.2% for panic disorders, 32.0% for eating disorders, 13.1% for suicidal risk. Mental health problems were significantly associated with sex, area of study, self-esteem, social support, personality and histories of mental health problems. The findings offer a starting point for identifying useful factors to target prevention and intervention strategies aimed at university students
The number of reduced alignments between two DNA sequences
(BioMed Central, 2014) Andrade, Helena; Area Carracedo, Iván Carlos; Nieto Roig, Juan José; Torres Iglesias, Ángela J.; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Estatística, Análise Matemática e Optimización; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Radioloxía, Saúde Pública, Enfermaría e Medicina
Background In this study we consider DNA sequences as mathematical strings. Total and reduced alignments between two DNA sequences have been considered in the literature to measure their similarity. Results for explicit representations of some alignments have been already obtained. Results We present exact, explicit and computable formulas for the number of different possible alignments between two DNA sequences and a new formula for a class of reduced alignments. Conclusions A unified approach for a wide class of alignments between two DNA sequences has been provided. The formula is computable and, if complemented by software development, will provide a deeper insight into the theory of sequence alignment and give rise to new comparison methods. AMS Subject Classification Primary 92B05, 33C20, secondary 39A14, 65Q30
Analysis of an SIR Epidemic Model with Pulse Vaccination and Distributed Time Delay
(Hindawi, 2007) Gao, Shujing; Teng, Zhi-Dong; Nieto Roig, Juan José; Torres Iglesias, Ángela J.; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Estatística, Análise Matemática e Optimización; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Radioloxía, Saúde Pública, Enfermaría e Medicina
Pulse vaccination, the repeated application of vaccine over a defined age range, is gaining prominence as an effective strategy for the elimination of infectious diseases. An SIR epidemic model with pulse vaccination and distributed time delay is proposed in this paper. Using the discrete dynamical system determined by the stroboscopic map, we obtain the exact infection-free periodic solution of the impulsive epidemic system and prove that the infection-free periodic solution is globally attractive if the vaccination rate is larger enough. Moreover, we show that the disease is uniformly persistent if the vaccination rate is less than some critical value. The permanence of the model is investigated analytically. Our results indicate that a large pulse vaccination rate is sufficient for the eradication of the disease.
A Viral Infection Model with a Nonlinear Infection Rate
(SpringerOpen, 2009) Yu, Yumei; Nieto Roig, Juan José; Torres Iglesias, Ángela J.; Wang, Kaifa; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Estatística, Análise Matemática e Optimización; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Radioloxía, Saúde Pública, Enfermaría e Medicina
A viral infection model with a nonlinear infection rate is constructed based on empirical evidences. Qualitative analysis shows that there is a degenerate singular infection equilibrium. Furthermore, bifurcation of cusp-type with codimension two (i.e., Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation) is confirmed under appropriate conditions. As a result, the rich dynamical behaviors indicate that the model can display an Allee effect and fluctuation effect, which are important for making strategies for controlling the invasion of virus.
Prevalencia y factores de riesgo de la violencia contra la mujer en estudiantes universitarias españolas
(Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Asturias, 2010) Vázquez González, Fernando Lino; Torres Iglesias, Ángela J.; Otero Otero, Patricia; Blanco Seoane, Vanessa; López García, María; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Radioloxía, Saúde Pública, Enfermaría e Medicina
Se determinó la prevalencia y los factores de riesgo asociados a la violencia contra la mujer en una muestra aleatoria estratificada de 1043 estudiantes universitarias españolas (media de edad de 22,2 años). A través de una entrevista realizada por psicólogas se recopiló información demográfica, académica y sobre violencia contra la mujer. La prevalencia de vida de la violencia fue del 15,2%; en el 41,5% de esos casos el maltratador ha sido la pareja, en el 50,9% algún otro hombre y en el 7,6% por ambas fuentes. La prevalencia en último año fue del 7,1%. Los factores de riesgo identificados fueron tener más de 19 años, ingresos familiares anuales superiores a 18.000 €, nivel cultural medio de la familia, residencia familiar urbana y presenciar malos tratos en la infancia o adolescencia. Se concluye que se deberían llevar a cabo campañas de sensibilización para prevenir la violencia contra mujer hacia las estudiantes universitarias y establecer servicios de orientación para aquellas que ya la hayan sufrido
La Prevención de la Depresión en Cuidadores a través de Multiconferencia Telefónica
(Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Madrid, 2018) Vázquez González, Fernando Lino; Otero Otero, Patricia; López Ares, Lara; Blanco Seoane, Vanessa; Torres Iglesias, Ángela J.; Díaz Fernández, Olga; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Radioloxía, Saúde Pública, Enfermaría e Medicina
El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar una intervención breve, en formato telefónico, grupal, dirigida a cuidadores con síntomas depresivos elevados. Se aplicó la intervención de prevención indicada a 61 cuidadores (M = 55.5 años, 90.2% mujeres). Evaluadores independientes valoraron la incidencia de depresión, la sintomatología depresiva, el riesgo de desarrollar depresión y las variables del modelo teórico en que se basó la intervención en la preintervención, posintervención y seguimientos a 1 y 3 meses. La incidencia de depresión hasta 3 meses de seguimiento fue de 4.9%. Hubo una reducción significativa de sintomatología depresiva (p < .001) y del riesgo de desarrollar depresión (p < .001) en la posintervención y los seguimientos a 1 y 3 meses. Las variables del modelo mejoraron significativamente tras la intervención y estuvieron asociadas con los síntomas depresivos posintervención. La adherencia y satisfacción fueron elevadas. Los resultados alientan la realización de un ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado
Twin Hypercube for Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets and Their Application in Medicine
(Etamaths Publishing, 2017) Davvaz, B.; Sadrabadi, E. Hassani; Nieto Roig, Juan José; Torres Iglesias, Ángela J.; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Estatística, Análise Matemática e Optimización; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Radioloxía, Saúde Pública, Enfermaría e Medicina
In this paper, we present a description of intuitionistic fuzzy sets as vectors in twin hypercube. Finally we verify an application of intuitionistic fuzzy sets in medicine using twin hypercube for intuitionistic fuzzy sets.
Cognitive behavioral intervention via a smartphone app for non-professional caregivers with depressive symptoms: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
(BMC, 2018) Vázquez González, Fernando Lino; Torres Iglesias, Ángela J.; Díaz Fernández, Olga; Páramo Fernández, Mario; Otero Otero, Patricia; Blanco Seoane, Vanessa; López Ares, Lara; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Evolutiva e da Educación; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Radioloxía, Saúde Pública, Enfermaría e Medicina
Background Although major depression is a frequent disorder in non-professional caregivers and there are effective psychological interventions to prevent it, caregivers have difficulty accessing them. Interventions for depression applied through an app could improve accessibility; yet, to date, adherence to such interventions has been low. The objectives of this study are to (1) evaluate the efficacy of a cognitive behavioral depression prevention intervention administered through a smartphone app with and without telephone conference calls, (2) analyze the mediators of the change in the incidence of depression and depressive symptoms, and (3) assess adherence and satisfaction with the interventions. Methods A randomized controlled clinical trial will be conducted. Caregivers with elevated symptoms will be randomly assigned to a cognitive behavioral intervention administered by a smartphone app (CBIA) group, a CBIA plus telephone conference calls (TCCs) group (CBIA + TCC), or an attention control group. Each condition will consist of approximately 58 participants. Both interventions will be administered in five modules through a smartphone app and the CBIA + TCC group will receive additional TCCs in group format (four sessions of 30 min each). Trained blind assessors will conduct pre-treatment, post-treatment and follow-up assessments at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Discussion This study will provide evidence of the efficacy of a cognitive behavioral intervention to prevent depression in caregivers with elevated depressive symptoms administered through a smartphone app and the impact of feedback applied through conference calls to increase program adherence and efficacy. If the results were favorable, it would mean that we have developed a more effective, accessible, and clinically useful preventive depression intervention than the currently available ones for many present and future caregivers
Predictors of Prevention Failure in College Students Participating in Two Indicated Depression Prevention Programs
(MDPI, 2014) Blanco Seoane, Vanessa; Rohde, Paul; Vázquez González, Fernando Lino; Otero Otero, Patricia; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía
The purpose of this study was to identify subgroups of university students with the highest likelihood of remaining at elevated levels of depressive symptoms six months following the receipt of a depressive prevention intervention on the basis of known risk factors and participation in one of two depression prevention programs. Data from a randomized controlled trial evaluating depression prevention among 133 college students with elevated depressive symptoms were analyzed. Participants were randomized to a cognitive-behavioral or relaxation training group preventive intervention. Classification tree analysis showed that older age was the strongest risk factor for persistently elevated depression. Additional risk factors were: (1) for younger students, fewer daily pleasant activities; (2) for those with higher level of pleasant activities, higher level of stressful events; and (3) for those with higher level of stressful events, lower assertiveness. Results offer directions for prevention foci, identify specific subgroups of college students to target for depression prevention efforts, and suggest that research aim to help older, non-traditional students or graduating students manage the transition from college to the work force
A brief problem-solving indicated-prevention intervention for prevention of depression in nonprofessional caregivers
(Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos del Principado, 2013) Vázquez González, Fernando Lino; Otero Otero, Patricia; Torres Iglesias, Ángela J.; Hermida García, Elisabet; Blanco Seoane, Vanessa; Díaz Fernández, Olga; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Radioloxía, Saúde Pública, Enfermaría e Medicina; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psicoloxía Evolutiva e da Educación
Background: Despite depression being a common problem among nonprofessional caregivers, no studies of prevention of depression targeting this population exist in the literature. The studies of indicated prevention of depression aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a problem-solving intervention in preventing clinical depression in a sample of female caregivers. Method: A controlled randomized trial was conducted among 173 participants (mean age 53.9 years), 89 of whom were randomized to the intervention group and 84 (controls) to usual care. The intervention comprised five weekly 90-minute group sessions. Results: At post-treatment, depression symptoms in the intervention group had remitted significantly more than in the control group, with a large effect size (d = 1.54). The proportion of participants showing clinically significant improvement was significantly larger in the intervention group (80.9% vs. 11.9% among controls), and fewer intervention-group participants had progressed to clinical depression during the study period (4.5% vs. 13.1% among controls). The intervention group also exhibited a significantly greater reduction in emotional distress and caregiver burden than the control group. Conclusions: These findings attest to the short-term efficacy of the intervention

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