Diferencias en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud entre hombres y mujeres en tratamiento en hemodiálisis
Loading...
Identifiers
Publication date
Advisors
Tutors
Editors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Elsevier
Abstract
Introducción: Estudios
previos en pacientes en hemodiálisis (HD) muestran que las mujeres
obtienen peores puntuaciones que los hombres en calidad de vida
relacionada con la salud (CVRS), sin que se haya determinado si
estas diferencias se deben al mayor impacto de la enfermedad renal
y la HD en el sexo femenino o reflejan las diferencias entre sexos
que también se presentan en población general. Los objetivos de
este estudio son: a) definir el alcance de las diferencias en CVRS
entre hombres y mujeres en HD, y b) identificar los factores que
causan las diferencias. Métodos: Se evaluó la CVRS de 152
pacientes en tratamiento en HD utilizando el KDQOL-SF. En cada
paciente se recogieron datos sociodemográficos, clínicos y
psicosociales (ansiedad rasgo, síntomas depresivos y apoyo social).
En las escalas genéricas del KDQOL-SF se llevó a cabo la
estandarización de las puntuaciones por edad y sexo respecto a la
norma poblacional. Se compararon las puntuaciones directas y
estandarizadas de hombres y mujeres en el KDQOL-SF mediante
ANOVAS. Los factores relacionados con las diferencias entre sexos
en CVRS se estudiaron mediante MANOVA. Resultados: Las
puntuaciones directas del KDQOL-SF indicaron diferencias
estadísticamente significativas entre sexos en cuatro escalas
genéricas: función física, rol emocional, función social y salud
mental. En estas escalas no se encontraron diferencias en las
puntuaciones estandarizadas para cada sexo. Aunque se
presentaron diferencias significativas entre hombres y mujeres en el
nivel de estudios, la situación laboral, las cifras de hemoglobina y
Kt/V, la ansiedad rasgo y los síntomas depresivos, sólo estas dos
últimas variables mostraron un efecto independiente en las
diferencias en CVRS. Conclusiones: La peor CVRS que presentan
las mujeres en HD es el reflejo de las diferencias entre sexos que
también se presentan en la población
Background: Previous studies in renal patients have reported that women perceive a lower health-related quality of life (HRQOL) than men: however, these studies have been carried out without taking into account the gender-related differences shown in general population samples. The aims of the present study are: a) to define the HRQOL dimensions in which there are differences between men and women on chronic hemodialysis (HD), correcting then the differences on the generic dimensions by means of standardization by age and gender of the obtained scores, using Spanish normative data, and b) to identify the variables that cause these possible gender-related differences on HRQOL. Methods: A cross-sectional multi-center study was carried out with 152 patients (69 men and 83 women) receiving HD treatment in 43 Spanish centers, using the KDQOL-SF to evaluate their HRQOL. The generic KDQOL-SF scores were standardized by age and gender using Spanish normative data. Sociodemographic, clinical and psychosocial variables were also collected on each patien. A MANOVA was carried out to study the variables associated with the gender-related differences on HRQOL. The sociodemographic, clinical and psychosocial variables showing significant differences between men and women in the previous univariate analysis were entered as covariates. Results: The KDQOL-SF scores showed statistically significant differences between men and women in four scales: physical functioning, emotional role limitation, social function and emotional well-being. In contrast, standardized scores showed no differences between men and women in the profile or degree of HRQOL impairment. Although statistically significant gender-related differences were shown in educational level, employment, haemoglobin, Kt/V, trait anxiety and depressive symptoms, only the last two variables showed an independent effect on the differences in HRQOL. Conclusion: Impaired HRQOL in women on HD reflects the gender-related differences that are also shown in the general population, and they are related to the higher prevalence of trait anxiety and depressive symptoms in women
Background: Previous studies in renal patients have reported that women perceive a lower health-related quality of life (HRQOL) than men: however, these studies have been carried out without taking into account the gender-related differences shown in general population samples. The aims of the present study are: a) to define the HRQOL dimensions in which there are differences between men and women on chronic hemodialysis (HD), correcting then the differences on the generic dimensions by means of standardization by age and gender of the obtained scores, using Spanish normative data, and b) to identify the variables that cause these possible gender-related differences on HRQOL. Methods: A cross-sectional multi-center study was carried out with 152 patients (69 men and 83 women) receiving HD treatment in 43 Spanish centers, using the KDQOL-SF to evaluate their HRQOL. The generic KDQOL-SF scores were standardized by age and gender using Spanish normative data. Sociodemographic, clinical and psychosocial variables were also collected on each patien. A MANOVA was carried out to study the variables associated with the gender-related differences on HRQOL. The sociodemographic, clinical and psychosocial variables showing significant differences between men and women in the previous univariate analysis were entered as covariates. Results: The KDQOL-SF scores showed statistically significant differences between men and women in four scales: physical functioning, emotional role limitation, social function and emotional well-being. In contrast, standardized scores showed no differences between men and women in the profile or degree of HRQOL impairment. Although statistically significant gender-related differences were shown in educational level, employment, haemoglobin, Kt/V, trait anxiety and depressive symptoms, only the last two variables showed an independent effect on the differences in HRQOL. Conclusion: Impaired HRQOL in women on HD reflects the gender-related differences that are also shown in the general population, and they are related to the higher prevalence of trait anxiety and depressive symptoms in women
Description
Bibliographic citation
Guajardo, D. S., Gómez, J. L., Jofre, R., Fort, J., Valderrábano, F., Moreno, F., & Vázquez, I. (2004). Diferencias en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud entre hombres y mujeres en tratamiento en hemodiálisis. Nefrología, 24(2), 167-178
Relation
Has part
Has version
Is based on
Is part of
Is referenced by
Is version of
Requires
Publisher version
https://www.revistanefrologia.com/es-diferencias-calidad-vida-relacionada-con-articulo-X0211699504016783Sponsors
El presente estudio fue financiado por una beca de Laboratorio Esteve, Barcelona, España
Rights
Copyright © 2004 Elsevier. Esta obra está licenciada por una Licencia Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License







