The Management of Social and Environmental Aspects and Their Impact on Firm Performance: Evidence from the Energy Sector

Abstract

This dissertation explores the complex interplay between corporate performance and sustainability in global publicly listed energy companies. It examine how firms can simultaneously pursue profitability, meet environmental targets, and uphold social responsibilities in an increasingly demanding context. Chapter I investigates the effects of human capital, environmental capital, and financial reporting quality on financial performance. Results show that efficient management of human resources significantly enhances financial outcomes through asset efficiency, higher productivity, and increased investor trust. Conversely, high CO2 emissions and ESG-related scandals harm financial results, underlining the financial costa of unsustainable practices. High-quality accounting information also positively influences financial performance.