Asociación entre hipertensión refractaria y riesgo cardiometabólico. Estudio HIPERFRE
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Sociedad Española Nefrología
Abstract
Fundamento y objetivo: Se define como hipertensión arterial
refractaria (HTA-R) la persistencia del mal control de la
presión en pacientes tratados con tres o más fármacos, incluyendo
un diurético. Pretendemos estimar la prevalencia
y las características de pacientes con HTA-R en el ámbito
de la Atención Primaria en nuestro medio.
Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, transversal y multicéntrico,
en el que participaron 35 médicos de 14 Centros de
Salud, registrando las características de 1.724 hipertensos.
Resultados: Pacientes (41,5% varones) con edad media de
67 ± 11 años; la mitad, obesos. El 41,6% tienen la presión
controlada y la prevalencia de HTA-R es del 13,2%. En este
grupo la edad media es significativamente mayor (69 vs 67
años, p < 0,01) y son más frecuentes la obesidad (62% vs
43%, p < 0,001), la diabetes (55% vs 11%, p < 0,001), la
dislipemia (68% vs 59%, p < 0,05) y el síndrome metábolico
(68% vs 22%, p < 0,001). En la mitad de los pacientes
hay afectación de algún órgano diana. El 3% de los pacientes
no recibe tratamiento farmacológico y el 37% está
con monoterapia. En el grupo de HTA-R hay mayor prescripción
de ARA-II, antagonistas del calcio, bloqueadores
beta y bloqueadores alfa. La HTA-R se asocia de forma independiente
y directamente con la edad, el sexo masculino,
la presencia de diabetes, obesidad y síndrome metabólico,
e inversamente con la presencia de cardiopatía
isquémica.
Conclusiones: La HTA-R en el ámbito de la Atención Primaria
tiene una prevalencia del 13% y se asocia con la edad,
el sexo masculino y los factores de riesgo metabólicos
Background and Aim: Resistant hypertension (R-HT) is defined by the presence of uncontrolled blood pressure in patients treated with three or more drugs, being one of them diuretic. We sough to evaluate the prevalence and features of patients with R-HT attended at Primary Care of our environment. Method: 1,724 hypertensive patients attended by 35 physicians at 14 Primary Care Units were analyzed in this descriptive, transversal, multicentral study. Results: Patients (41.5% males) with a mean age of 67 ± 11 years, being half of them obese. Blood pressure is controlled in 41.6% and the prevalence of R-HT is of 13.2%. This later group of patients is characterized by an older age (69 vs 67 years, p < 0.01) and more frequent obesity (62% vs 43%, p < 0.001), diabetes (55% vs 11%, p < 0.001), hyperlipidemia (68% vs 59%, p < 0.05), and metabolic syndrome (68% vs 22%, p < 0.001). At least half of them present some kind of end-organ damage. No pharmacologycal treatment is prescribed to 3% of these patients and 37% of them are on monotherapy. There is a higher prescription of angiotensin receptor, calcium channel, beta and alfablockers in the group of patients with R-HT. There is an independent and direct relationship between R-HT and age, male gender, diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and an inverse relationship with ischemic cardiopathy. Conclusions: The prevalence of R-HT at Primary Care Units is of 13% and is related with age, male gender and metabolic risk factors
Background and Aim: Resistant hypertension (R-HT) is defined by the presence of uncontrolled blood pressure in patients treated with three or more drugs, being one of them diuretic. We sough to evaluate the prevalence and features of patients with R-HT attended at Primary Care of our environment. Method: 1,724 hypertensive patients attended by 35 physicians at 14 Primary Care Units were analyzed in this descriptive, transversal, multicentral study. Results: Patients (41.5% males) with a mean age of 67 ± 11 years, being half of them obese. Blood pressure is controlled in 41.6% and the prevalence of R-HT is of 13.2%. This later group of patients is characterized by an older age (69 vs 67 years, p < 0.01) and more frequent obesity (62% vs 43%, p < 0.001), diabetes (55% vs 11%, p < 0.001), hyperlipidemia (68% vs 59%, p < 0.05), and metabolic syndrome (68% vs 22%, p < 0.001). At least half of them present some kind of end-organ damage. No pharmacologycal treatment is prescribed to 3% of these patients and 37% of them are on monotherapy. There is a higher prescription of angiotensin receptor, calcium channel, beta and alfablockers in the group of patients with R-HT. There is an independent and direct relationship between R-HT and age, male gender, diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and an inverse relationship with ischemic cardiopathy. Conclusions: The prevalence of R-HT at Primary Care Units is of 13% and is related with age, male gender and metabolic risk factors
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Otero Raviña, Fernando; Grigorian Shamagian, Lilian; González Juanatey, José Ramón; Lado López, Manuel; Lado Llerena, Ángel; Turrado Turrado, Victorino; Santos Rodríguez, José Antonio; Pazo Paniagua, Concepción; Vázquez Mallo, José Antonio; Vaamonde Mosquera, Leopoldo. (2008). Asociación entre hipertensión refractaria y riesgo cardiometabólico. Estudio HIPERFRE. "Nefrología", vol. 28, n.4, p. 425-432
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© Senefro, 2008. Este trabajo está bajo una licencia Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)








