Elaboración de una escala de evaluación de los estilos de comunicación interpersonal: Escala de Estilos Comunicativos del/la Supervisor/a (EECS)
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[ES] Las habilidades sociales, con la asertividad como máximo exponente, han sido en los últimos años un tema de interés para los investigadores de diversas disciplinas. En el ámbito organizacional, adquieren especial relevancia en la comunicación superior-subordinado, influyendo el estilo comunicativo del/la jefe/a en la satisfacción, compromiso y motivación de los trabajadores, y, por tanto, en su rendimiento y en el progreso exitoso de la organización. Es el estilo asertivo el que genera dichos beneficios, en contraposición al agresivo, pasivo y pasivo-agresivo. A pesar de su importancia, la literatura en torno a la asertividad se caracteriza por la falta de consenso con respecto a su definición y por la ausencia de un modelo teórico consistente. Además, los instrumentos para la evaluación de los diversos estilos comunicativos son escasos y presentan deficiencias. Es por ello que el objetivo de este trabajo ha sido elaborar una escala para evaluar los estilos comunicativos del/la jefe/a con sus trabajadores/as, partiendo del modelo bidimensional de DeGiovanni (1978).
Para ello hemos utilizado una muestra de 288 trabajadores/as gallegos/as, que informaron del modo en que los/as superiores se dirigen a ellos/as. A partir de sus respuestas se analizó la capacidad discriminativa de 115 enunciados y su índice de homogeneidad, y se realizaron sucesivos análisis
factoriales. Se obtuvo así un instrumento al que hemos denominado Escala de Estilos Comunicativos del/la Supervisor/a (EECS), formado, finalmente, por 35 ítems, agrupados en cuatro factores que se corresponden con los cuatro estilos comunicativos, y que presentan elevados niveles de fiabilidad. Este estudio proporciona, por tanto, un instrumento de medida de los estilos de
comunicación de los/as supervisores/as, que permite la detección de conductas perjudiciales en estos/as, y que podría ser utilizado como punto de partida de programas de entrenamiento en comunicación eficaz
[EN] Social skills, with the assertiveness like maximum exponent, have been in recent years a topic of interest to researchers from different disciplines. At the organizational area, they are particularly important in superior-subordinate communication, where the manager’s communication style influences the employees’ satisfaction, commitment and motivation, and therefore their performance and the organization’s successful progress. The assertive style is the one which generates benefits, in contrast to aggressive, passive and passive-aggressive styles. Despite its importance, the literature about assertiveness is characterized by a lack of agreement on its definition and by the absence of a consistent theoretical model. In addition, instruments for assessing the different communication styles are scarce and have failures. This is why the aim of this study has been to develop a scale to measure the manager’s communication styles in the interaction with their employees, based on DeGiovanni’s (1978) two-dimensional model. For this we have used a sample of 288 Galician workers, who reported the way managers address them. From their responses, the discriminative capacity of 115 statements and their homogeneity index were analysed, and successive facto analyses were carried out. As a result we obtained an instrument which we have called Scale of Manager’s Communication Styles (SMCS), finally formed by 35 statements grouped into four factors that correspond to the four communication styles, and that have high levels of reliability. Therefore, this study provides an instrument to measure managers’ communication styles, which allows the detection of their harmful behaviours, and that could be used as a start point for efficient communication training programs
[EN] Social skills, with the assertiveness like maximum exponent, have been in recent years a topic of interest to researchers from different disciplines. At the organizational area, they are particularly important in superior-subordinate communication, where the manager’s communication style influences the employees’ satisfaction, commitment and motivation, and therefore their performance and the organization’s successful progress. The assertive style is the one which generates benefits, in contrast to aggressive, passive and passive-aggressive styles. Despite its importance, the literature about assertiveness is characterized by a lack of agreement on its definition and by the absence of a consistent theoretical model. In addition, instruments for assessing the different communication styles are scarce and have failures. This is why the aim of this study has been to develop a scale to measure the manager’s communication styles in the interaction with their employees, based on DeGiovanni’s (1978) two-dimensional model. For this we have used a sample of 288 Galician workers, who reported the way managers address them. From their responses, the discriminative capacity of 115 statements and their homogeneity index were analysed, and successive facto analyses were carried out. As a result we obtained an instrument which we have called Scale of Manager’s Communication Styles (SMCS), finally formed by 35 statements grouped into four factors that correspond to the four communication styles, and that have high levels of reliability. Therefore, this study provides an instrument to measure managers’ communication styles, which allows the detection of their harmful behaviours, and that could be used as a start point for efficient communication training programs
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Traballo Fin de Grao en Psicoloxía. Curso 2015-2016
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Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 España



