Saúde mental e crise económica

Abstract

Obxectivo: O obxectivo deste estudo é realizar unha revisión da literatura publicada ata o momento sobre a influencia que a última crise económica sufrida en España (2008-2014) tivo sobre a saúde mental da poboación adulta española. Material e métodos: Realizouse unha busca sistemática en PubMed, Medline e Scopus obténdose finalmente un total de 21 artigos para revisar. Resultados: A saúde mental da poboación española veuse afectada negativamente pola crise, aumentando a prevalencia de trastornos mentais e hospitalizacións por causa psiquiátrica. Ademais obsérvase o efecto diferenciador que teñen a idade, o sexo, o estado laboral e o soporte social. E ao mesmo tempo evidénciase o efecto negativo que situacións estresantes derivadas da crise tiveron sobre o benestar mental da sociedade, como son as execucións hipotecarias e os desafiuzamentos. Conclusións: Son necesarias políticas sanitarias, sociais, educativas e administrativas que mitiguen ou freen os efectos que a pasada crise aínda pode estar exercendo sobre a sociedade e que ao mesmo tempo se anticipen á futura recesión que se deriva da pandemia de COVID-19 e que previsiblemente vai ter un comportamento similar en canto a efectos na saúde mental da poboación adulta españolaObjective: The aim of this study is to review the literature published so far on the influence that the last economic crisis suffered in Spain (2008-2014) had on the mental health of the Spanish adult population. Material and methods: A systematic search was carried out in PubMed, Medline and Scopus finally obtaining a total of 21 articles to review. Results: The mental health of the Spanish population has been negatively affected by the crisis, increasing the prevalence of mental disorders and hospitalizations for psychiatric causes. In addition, the differentiating effect of age, sex, employment status and social support is observed. And at the same time it highlights the negative effect that stressful situations arising from the crisis have had on the mental well-being of society, such as foreclosures and evictions. Conclusions: Health, social, educational and administrative policies are needed to mitigate or curb the effects that the last crisis may still be having on society and at the same time anticipate the future recession resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and which is expected to have a similar behavior in terms of effects on the mental health of the Spanish adult population