Estudio epidemiológico de la Unidad de Salud Mental de la Infancia y la Adolescencia del área Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela: análisis evolutivo. Estudio piloto
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La Unidad de Salud Mental de la Infancia y la Adolescencia del área Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela ha sufrido un aumento muy notable de la demanda a partir del año 2012, pasando de 301 pacientes anuales de media a 735. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la demanda existente hoy en día en la Unidad y comparar las características sociodemográficas y clínicas de los pacientes actuales con las que presentaban los pacientes del periodo previo a 2012. También se buscaba orientar el enforque de futuros estudios de la unidad.
Para llevar a cabo este estudio observacional epidemiológico se inició un Sistema de Registro de Casos, previo consentimiento informado, donde fueron registrados los parámetros a evaluar. Estos datos fueron anonimizados y comparados con los datos procedentes de las Memorias de la Unidad del periodo 2000-2012.
En lo que respecta a los resultados, no se han encontrado cambios en las características sociodemográficas de los pacientes salvo un aumento del nivel de estudios de los progenitores y una disminución de las familias nucleares. En lo que refiere a las características clínicas, encontramos cambios significativos tanto en el diagnóstico como en el tratamiento y evolución. Han aumentado el TDHA y los trastornos neuróticos y afectivos, al mismo tiempo que disminuyen los pacientes sin patología psiquiátrica. Se han incrementado los pacientes que reciben tratamiento farmacológico y también el número de sesiones consumidas por los pacientes. De cara a un estudio posterior, podría ser de utilidad un análisis en profundidad los abandonos, puesto que no han podido ser evaluadas correctamente por el corto tiempo de seguimiento
The Mental Health Unit of Childhood and Adolescence of the area of Santiago de Compostela has suffered a very notable increase in demand since 2012, going from 301 patients a year on average to 735. The objective of this study was to analyse the current demand in the Unit and to compare the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of current patients with those presented by patients from the period prior to 2012. It was also sought to guide the approach of future studies of the Unit. To carry out this observational epidemiological study, after obtaining a informed consent, we were started a Case Registration System was started, where the parameters to be evaluated were recorded. These data were anonymised and compared with the data from the Unit Reports for the period 2000-2012. Regarding the results, no changes have been found in the sociodemographic characteristics of the patients except for an increase in the level of education of the parents and a decrease in nuclear families. Concerning the clinical characteristics, we found significant changes both in the diagnosis and in the treatment and evolution. ADHD and neurotic and affective disorders have increased, while patients without psychiatric pathology have decreased. The number of patients receiving pharmacological treatment has increased, and the number of sessions consumed by the patients has also risen. For a later study, an in-depth analysis of dropouts could be useful since they could not be correctly evaluated due to the short follow-up time
The Mental Health Unit of Childhood and Adolescence of the area of Santiago de Compostela has suffered a very notable increase in demand since 2012, going from 301 patients a year on average to 735. The objective of this study was to analyse the current demand in the Unit and to compare the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of current patients with those presented by patients from the period prior to 2012. It was also sought to guide the approach of future studies of the Unit. To carry out this observational epidemiological study, after obtaining a informed consent, we were started a Case Registration System was started, where the parameters to be evaluated were recorded. These data were anonymised and compared with the data from the Unit Reports for the period 2000-2012. Regarding the results, no changes have been found in the sociodemographic characteristics of the patients except for an increase in the level of education of the parents and a decrease in nuclear families. Concerning the clinical characteristics, we found significant changes both in the diagnosis and in the treatment and evolution. ADHD and neurotic and affective disorders have increased, while patients without psychiatric pathology have decreased. The number of patients receiving pharmacological treatment has increased, and the number of sessions consumed by the patients has also risen. For a later study, an in-depth analysis of dropouts could be useful since they could not be correctly evaluated due to the short follow-up time
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Traballo Fin de Grao en Medicina. Curso 2020-2021
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