Género, brecha salarial y niveles de vidael sector de conservas de pescado en la Ría de Vigo, 1900-1960
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Asociación Española de Historia Económica
Abstract
La desigualdad salarial por motivos de género ha sido objeto de análisis y discusión por parte de numerosas investigaciones desde la historia económica y social. Asimismo, la consecuente contribución desigual de hombres y mujeres a los niveles de vida de las familias obreras también ha despertado interés en las últimas décadas. Por todo ello, este artículo tiene un doble objetivo: por un lado, mostrar el diferencial salarial por género en el sector de procesado de pescado; por otro, conocer su impacto sobre el nivel de vida de las familias que trabajaban en esta industria en la Ría de Vigo en el siglo xx. Tomando como caso de estudio las empresas Massó y Alfageme, se ha puesto de manifiesto la gran disparidad salarial, descubriendo brechas de hasta el 60%. Además, la construcción de dos presupuestos familiares, en los años veinte y cuarenta, ha evidenciado la imprescindible contribución femenina a la reproducción familiar.
Gender-based wage inequality has been the subject of analysis and discussion in numerous studies within economic and social history. Similarly, the resulting unequal contributions of men and women to the living standards of working have also garnered interest in recent decades. Therefore, the objective of this article is twofold: first, to examine the gender wage differential in the fish processing sector; and second, to understand its impact on the living standards of working families in the Vigo estuary during the first half of the 20th century. Taking as a case study the companies Massó Hermanos and Alfageme, a significant wage disparity has been revealed, with gaps of up to 60%. In addition, the construction of two family budgets (1920s and 1940s) has demonstrated the essential female contribution to family reproduction.
Gender-based wage inequality has been the subject of analysis and discussion in numerous studies within economic and social history. Similarly, the resulting unequal contributions of men and women to the living standards of working have also garnered interest in recent decades. Therefore, the objective of this article is twofold: first, to examine the gender wage differential in the fish processing sector; and second, to understand its impact on the living standards of working families in the Vigo estuary during the first half of the 20th century. Taking as a case study the companies Massó Hermanos and Alfageme, a significant wage disparity has been revealed, with gaps of up to 60%. In addition, the construction of two family budgets (1920s and 1940s) has demonstrated the essential female contribution to family reproduction.
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Muñoz-Abeledo, L. M., & Carballal Torres, M. (2026). Género, brecha salarial y niveles de vida. El sector de conservas de pescado en la Ría de Vigo, 1900-1960. Investigaciones De Historia Económica, 22(1), 93–118. https://doi.org/10.33231/j.ihe.2026.01.05
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https://doi.org/10.33231/j.ihe.2026.01.05Sponsors
Esta investigación ha sido financiada por el proyecto “La transformación de la estructura ocupacional en España, 1860-1970. Nuevas evidencias para ocupaciones no agrarias revisando los Censos de Población”. PID2021-123863NB-C22. Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; AGENCIA Estatal de Investigación; 10.13039/501100011033; Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional.
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© The Author(s) 2026. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International








