Intervenciones psicológicas en cuidadores informales de pacientes no pediátricos que reciben atención paliativa especializada
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La atención paliativa especializada tiene cada vez más peso en los sistemas nacionales de
salud. Existe abundante literatura sobre la atención psicológica a los pacientes que reciben
esos cuidados, pero no así sobre sus cuidadores informales. Estos cuidadores precisarían
atención, no solo porque padecen la pérdida de su familiar, sino porque no suelen recibir
atención para paliar las consecuencias psicológicas ocasionadas por el cuidado que le
dispensaron. El objetivo del presente estudio fue realizar una revisión bibliográfica de los
artículos publicados en los últimos diez años sobre intervenciones psicológicas en cuidadores
informales de pacientes que reciben cuidados paliativos, seleccionándose un total de 22
documentos, y la realización de una propuesta de intervención psicológica en dichos
cuidadores. Los resultados obtenidos señalan la heterogeneidad de las intervenciones en
cuanto al uso de técnicas, formatos y modelos teóricos. Sin embargo, el tamaño pequeño de
las muestras y otras limitaciones señaladas dificulta el establecimiento de conclusiones al
respecto. Dado el potencial de este ámbito, se realiza una propuesta de intervención breve
para la prevención de los síntomas del duelo prolongado en cuidadores informales de
pacientes fallecidos que recibieron atención paliativa especializada
Specialized palliative care is increasingly important in national health systems. There is abundant literature on the psychological care of patients receiving such care, but not on their informal caregivers. These caregivers need attention, not only because they suffer the loss of their relative, but also because they often do not receive care to alleviate the psychological consequences caused by the care they provided. The aim of this study was to conduct a literature review of articles published in the last ten years on psychological interventions in informal caregivers of patients receiving palliative care, selecting a total of 22 documents, and to propose a psychological intervention for these caregivers. The results obtained indicate the heterogeneity of the interventions in terms of the use of techniques, formats, and theoretical models. However, the small size of the samples and other limitations pointed out make it difficult to draw conclusions in this regard. Given the potential of this field, a brief intervention proposal is made for the prevention of prolonged grief symptoms in informal caregivers of deceased patients who received specialized palliative care
Specialized palliative care is increasingly important in national health systems. There is abundant literature on the psychological care of patients receiving such care, but not on their informal caregivers. These caregivers need attention, not only because they suffer the loss of their relative, but also because they often do not receive care to alleviate the psychological consequences caused by the care they provided. The aim of this study was to conduct a literature review of articles published in the last ten years on psychological interventions in informal caregivers of patients receiving palliative care, selecting a total of 22 documents, and to propose a psychological intervention for these caregivers. The results obtained indicate the heterogeneity of the interventions in terms of the use of techniques, formats, and theoretical models. However, the small size of the samples and other limitations pointed out make it difficult to draw conclusions in this regard. Given the potential of this field, a brief intervention proposal is made for the prevention of prolonged grief symptoms in informal caregivers of deceased patients who received specialized palliative care
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Traballo Fin de Máster Universitario en Psicoloxía Xeral Sanitaria. Curso 2023/2024
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