Tratamientos psicológicos eficaces para el trastorno bipolar

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ISSN: 0214-9915
E-ISSN: 1886-144X

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Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos del Principado de Asturias
Universidad de Oviedo: Ediciones de la Universidad de Oviedo
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El trastorno bipolar es un trastorno crónico e incapacitante para muchas personas. Su abordaje ha sido clásicamente farmacológico (litio), aunque en los últimos años se ha demostrado que su combinación con distintos tratamientos psicológicos permite una mayor mejoría en estas personas. Se analizan los estudios existentes con los distintos tratamientos psicológicos que se han utilizado: psicoeducación y programas para mejorar la adherencia a la medicación, terapia marital y familiar, terapia cognitiva-conductual, terapia interpersonal y del ritmo social y los tratamientos de los pacientes bipolares que tienen asociado un trastorno de abuso de sustancias. Los tres primeros tratamientos son eficaces y se pueden considerar tratamientos bien establecidos; el último de ellos puede considerarse en fase experimental por no haber suficiente evidencia de su eficacia a pesar de sus positivos iniciales resultados. Otras terapias no han mostrado su eficacia en este trastorno
The bipolar disorder is a chronic dysfunction and a illness condition for many people. Their treatment has been classically pharmacological (lithium), although in the last years it has been demonstrated that its combination with different psychological treatments allows a bigger improvement in these patients. The existent studies are analyzed with the different psychological treatments that have been used: psychoeducation and programs to improve the adherence to the medication, marital and family therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, interpersonal and social rhythm therapy and the treatments of the bipolar patients that have associate a substance abuse disorder. The first three treatments are effective and they can be considered very established treatments; the interpersonal and social rhythm therapy can be considered in experimental phase by not having enough it evidences of their effectiveness in spite of their initials positive results. Other therapies were not efficacious in this disorder

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