La pluma y el cincel. Animales reales y fantásticos en la Galicia medieval: donde encontrarlos y cómo entenderlos
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Abstract
En la Edad Media, la presencia animales, tanto reales como fantásticos, sobre los soportes escrito y escultórico tiene una finalidad genérica de transmisión de valores considerados de conocimiento o cumplimiento necesario. El presente artículo examinará los usos fundamentales en que se materializan, tomando como marco general de estudio la sociedad de la Galicia medieval y atendiendo tanto a las fuentes en que figuran –piedra y pergamino– como a las cuestiones que transmiten. Para ello definiremos dos esferas y las leeremos desde ópticas diferentes: la escrita, de receptor individual y cierta formación en lectoescritura, una imagen destinada a sugerir cierto contenido a una persona concreta e interesada que desentraña el texto; y la escultórica, más pensada para una audiencia colectiva que sin embargo asume los conceptos de manera particular, en la funcionalidad ejemplarizante de una biblia pauperum más adecuada al nuevo pórtico románico y de proyección más íntima y alegórica de lo privado.
In the Middle Ages, the presence of animals, both real and fantastic, on written and sculptural holders, has the generic purpose of transmitting values considered of necessary knowledge or compliance. This article will examine the fundamental uses in which they materialize, taking the society of medieval Galicia as a general framework of study and paying attention both to the sources in which they appear –stone and parchment– as well as to the issues they convey. To do this, we will define two spheres and we will read them from different perspectives: the written one, for an individual receiver with some training in literacy, an image intended to suggest certain content to a specific and interested person that unravels the text; and the sculptural one, more designed for a collective audience that nevertheless assumes the concepts in a particular way, in the exemplary functionality of a biblia pauperum more appropriate to the new Romanesque portico and with a more intimate and allegorical projection of the private.
In the Middle Ages, the presence of animals, both real and fantastic, on written and sculptural holders, has the generic purpose of transmitting values considered of necessary knowledge or compliance. This article will examine the fundamental uses in which they materialize, taking the society of medieval Galicia as a general framework of study and paying attention both to the sources in which they appear –stone and parchment– as well as to the issues they convey. To do this, we will define two spheres and we will read them from different perspectives: the written one, for an individual receiver with some training in literacy, an image intended to suggest certain content to a specific and interested person that unravels the text; and the sculptural one, more designed for a collective audience that nevertheless assumes the concepts in a particular way, in the exemplary functionality of a biblia pauperum more appropriate to the new Romanesque portico and with a more intimate and allegorical projection of the private.
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Barral Rivadulla, M.D. (2023). La pluma y el cincel. Animales reales y fantásticos en la Galicia medieval: donde encontrarlos y cómo entenderlos, "Cuadernos del CEMyR" 31, 43-77
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https://doi.org/10.25145/j.cemyr.2023.31.03Sponsors
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Creative Commons BY NC ND 4.0








