Educational programs in type 2 diabetes designed for community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review

Abstract

Aims: This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of educational interventions in type 2 diabetes specifically designed for community-dwelling older adults. Methods: In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of studies published between 2010 and 2021 was conducted across five electronic databases and manual sources. The study protocol was previously registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021288236). Results: Twelve papers matched the inclusion criteria and were appraised using MERSQI. The features of the educational programs were heterogeneous, and none complied with the ten suggested standards for diabetes self-management education and support. Comprehensive gerontological assessment was not considered. Outcomes included biomedical, psychosocial, behavioral, and knowledge measures. HbA1c and knowledge showed improvements with a high certainty level according to GRADE. Conclusions: Structured DSME programs aimed at older adults have great potential, however there is still room to improve. Applying the principles of a comprehensive gerontological approach and the standards for DSME as continuous monitoring and support could increase their benefits