Empatía y delincuencia juvenil: un meta-análisis sobre la relación
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El objetivo principal de esta investigación es estudiar la relación ente empatía y delincuencia oficialmente registrada durante la adolescencia. Se llevó a cabo mediante una revisión sistemática de todos aquellos estudios obtenidos a través de diversas estrategias
de búsqueda. Además, se ha incorporado una distinción clave en el campo, a menudo olvidada, diferenciando entre empatía afectiva y cognitiva. Entre los criterios de inclusión se encuentra uno que resulta clave: la presencia de delincuencia registrada como tal por la ley, excluyendo todos aquellos comportamientos vandálicos o de naturaleza antisocial. Como resultado, se obtuvo una muestra de k = 39 estudios primarios para la empatía cognitiva y k = 52 estudios para la afectiva, abarcando más de 30 años de investigación. Los resultados revelan una asociación moderada entre delincuencia y la dimensión cognitiva (r = -.220) y algo más leve con la dimensión afectiva (r = -.140). Se realizó un análisis de moderadores observando que determinadas características (tanto sociodemográficas como metodológicas) modulan la intensidad de la asociación entre empatía y delincuencia. Se discuten las implicaciones para futuras investigaciones así como su importancia para el desarrollo sociopsicológico de esta población en específico.
The primay aim of this review was to study existing knowledge on the relationship between empathy and juvenile official delinquency. We conducted a meta-analytic review taking into account the differences between cognitive empathy and affective empathy. Only those studies based on official delinquency records in the applicable country were included. Therefore, all studies focusing on antisocial behaviors, traits such as aggressiveness and/or behavioral problems were excluded. As a result, we retrieved a total of 39 studies about the relationship between cognitive empathy and delinquency, and 52 studies about the affective empathy. The results found a moderated effect size (r = -.220) in the case of cognitive empathy and quite lower effect size for the affective empathy (r = -.140). We also analyzed a set of moderating variables such as methodologic and sociodemographic variables. These variables have a potential moderating effect. Its importance on future researches as well as on the sociopsychological development of this population are disscussed.
The primay aim of this review was to study existing knowledge on the relationship between empathy and juvenile official delinquency. We conducted a meta-analytic review taking into account the differences between cognitive empathy and affective empathy. Only those studies based on official delinquency records in the applicable country were included. Therefore, all studies focusing on antisocial behaviors, traits such as aggressiveness and/or behavioral problems were excluded. As a result, we retrieved a total of 39 studies about the relationship between cognitive empathy and delinquency, and 52 studies about the affective empathy. The results found a moderated effect size (r = -.220) in the case of cognitive empathy and quite lower effect size for the affective empathy (r = -.140). We also analyzed a set of moderating variables such as methodologic and sociodemographic variables. These variables have a potential moderating effect. Its importance on future researches as well as on the sociopsychological development of this population are disscussed.
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Consejo General de Colegios Oficiales de Psicólogos
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https://doi.org/10.23923/j.rips.2018.01.011Sponsors
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© 2018 Sociedad Universitaria de Investigación en Psicología y Salud. Publicado por Consejo General de Colegios Oficiales de Psicólogos, España. Este es un artículo Open Access bajo la CC BY-NC-ND licencia (http://creativecommons.org/licencias/by-nc-nd/4.0/)








