O método de sub e sobresolucións
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O método de sub e sobresolucións é unha ferramenta moi útil para probar a existencia de solución de ecuacións diferenciais. Neste traballo, facemos un estudo do método para problemas de primeira e segunda orde.
Comezamos cada capítulo definindo o que son as sub e sobresolucións relativas a cada problema a considerar. Despois, probamos o teorema principal do método para cada caso, onde vemos que as probas destes teoremas seguirán a mesma liña de razoamentos. Finalmente, proporcionamos diferentes xeneralizacións do método, as cales nos permiten relaxar certas hipóteses consideradas nos teoremas anteriormente mencionados, definir outro tipo de condición de contorno, ou mesmo aplicar o método a un problema máis xeral.
The lower and upper solution method is a powerful tool used to prove the existence of solution of differential equations. In this thesis, we carry out a study of this method for both first and second order problems. In each main chapter, given a specific problem to work with, a definition of lower and upper solution is provided, as well as a theorem which proves the existence of solution using this method. We observe that every proof is highly related to each other, as they all follow the same reasoning. Lastly, several generalizations of the method are given in the form of weakening some conditions considered in the preceding theorems, defining other boundary conditions, or trying to prove this method for more complex problems.
The lower and upper solution method is a powerful tool used to prove the existence of solution of differential equations. In this thesis, we carry out a study of this method for both first and second order problems. In each main chapter, given a specific problem to work with, a definition of lower and upper solution is provided, as well as a theorem which proves the existence of solution using this method. We observe that every proof is highly related to each other, as they all follow the same reasoning. Lastly, several generalizations of the method are given in the form of weakening some conditions considered in the preceding theorems, defining other boundary conditions, or trying to prove this method for more complex problems.
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