Etnobotánica forestal: revisión y experiencias de estudio en Galicia (NW España)
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IBADER (Universidade de Santiago de Compostela-Lugo)
Abstract
[ESP]
La pérdida de diversidad vegetal acelerada que afecta a los países desarrollados y emergentes conlleva, además, la desaparición del conocimiento ancestral de los usos de las plantas que constituyen los sistemas agrosilvopastorales. Numerosos organismos y foros de discusión han hecho hincapié en la necesidad de paliar esta pérdida mediante, entre otras medidas, la realización de estudios etnobotánicos. Tanto en el conjunto de Europa como en España, son escasos los estudios que abordan los aprovechamientos tradicionales de las plantas en función de los diferentes ambientes ecológicos, y en particular de los bosques. En este trabajo se realiza una revisión de las fuentes de información etnobotánicas disponibles para el territorio de Galicia (NW España) así como una discusión de los resultados aportados en dos estudios realizados sobre los usos tradicionales en hayedos de Galicia y el País Vasco. Aunque se observa la persistencia de un elevado nivel de conocimientos sobre las propiedades terapéuticas, energéticas, constructivas y forrajeras de un número elevado de taxones vegetales en la población rural de más de 60 años, se constata la interrupción de la cadena oral de transmisión de los mismos a consecuencia del éxodo poblacional experimentado a lo largo del último siglo desde el medio rural hacia las áreas urbanas.
[ENG] The accelerated loss of plant diversity in which the developed and emerging countries are immersed also involves the disappearance of a huge cultural heritage related to the ancient use of plants that constitute agroforestry systems. Many agencies and discussion forums have emphasized the need to mitigate this loss by, among other measures, the ethnobotanical studies. Both Spain and the rest of Europe there are few studies conducted on the uses of plants from a habitat/ecosystem perspective, in particular those focused on forests. Here, we present a review of ethnobotanical studies in Galice (NW Spain) and compare the information provided by two studies centred on traditional uses developed in beech forests in two areas located at the east and west extreme of the Cantabrian mountains. As many other studies conclude, the main tendencies detected in both papers are the persistence of a high level of knowledge among rural population of more than 60 years old about a great variety of plant uses (therapeutic, energetic, constructive, forage, etc.) and the interruption of oral chain transmission of traditional knowledge on the use of wild plants as a result of the large exodus of rural population to urban areas.
[ENG] The accelerated loss of plant diversity in which the developed and emerging countries are immersed also involves the disappearance of a huge cultural heritage related to the ancient use of plants that constitute agroforestry systems. Many agencies and discussion forums have emphasized the need to mitigate this loss by, among other measures, the ethnobotanical studies. Both Spain and the rest of Europe there are few studies conducted on the uses of plants from a habitat/ecosystem perspective, in particular those focused on forests. Here, we present a review of ethnobotanical studies in Galice (NW Spain) and compare the information provided by two studies centred on traditional uses developed in beech forests in two areas located at the east and west extreme of the Cantabrian mountains. As many other studies conclude, the main tendencies detected in both papers are the persistence of a high level of knowledge among rural population of more than 60 years old about a great variety of plant uses (therapeutic, energetic, constructive, forage, etc.) and the interruption of oral chain transmission of traditional knowledge on the use of wild plants as a result of the large exodus of rural population to urban areas.
Description
Relatorios presentados ao Seminario de Verán da USC “2011: Ano internacional dos bosques. Unha perspectiva desde Galicia”, organizado polo IBADER, Instituto de Biodiversidade Agraria e Desenvolvemento Rural, coa colaboración da Vicereitoría de Extensión Cultural e Servizos á Comunidade Universitaria, a Excma. Deputación de Lugo e o Concello de Lugo.
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Bibliographic citation
Romero Franco, R., & Rodríguez Guitián, M.A. (2012). Etnobotánica forestal: revisión y experiencias de estudio en Galicia (NW España). En M.A. Rodriguez Guitián e J. Ferreiro da Costa (Eds.), 2011: Ano internacional dos bosques: unha perspectiva desde Galicia (pp. 129-137). IBADER. https://www.ibader.gal/download.php?f=RR_Seriecursos_06_06-175.pdf
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https://www.ibader.gal/ficha/138/109/Serie-Cursos-2012-Ano-internacional-dos-bosques.htmlSponsors
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© IBADER- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 2012
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International







