Rastreando la evidencia empírica y planteando una propuesta de intervención basada en el programa “Family Connections” para familiares-cuidadores de personas con diagnóstico de Trastorno Límite de la Personalidad
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El Trastorno Límite de la Personalidad (TLP) es una problemática caracterizada por la inestabilidad
y la desregulación emocional que afecta a la persona diagnosticada y a sus núcleos cercanos. Las
personas que componen estos núcleos son claves en el proceso de enfermedad pues absorben,
amortiguan y manejan los frecuentes picos emocionales que acompañan al trastorno. Esto genera
consecuencias a nivel personal, emocional y relacional en el cuidador. Diferentes programas han
buscado paliar esta problemática. La conocida Teoría Dialectico Conductual de Linehan (TDC) hizo un
primer acercamiento en 1993 en el diseño de programas de tratamiento para pacientes con TLP. Tras
ella surgieron adaptaciones, como es el programa grupal Family Connections (FC). El objetivo de esta
revisión sistemática es analizar los estudios publicados sobre la eficacia del programa FC desde su
surgimiento en 2004, incluyendo, además, intervenciones actuales (últimos 5 años) basadas en el
aprendizaje de habilidades. Tras analizar los estudios seleccionados, la principal conclusión extraída es
que el programa FC es eficaz para mejorar el malestar emocional de los familiares-cuidadores derivado
de la situación de TLP de su ser querido. Otras variables como la depresión, el duelo y sensación de
dominio personal también muestran cambios en la dirección deseada después de la intervención. Los
participantes valoran positivamente los conocimientos adquiridos sobre el TLP, las habilidades de
aceptación y validación y la creación de un grupo de apoyo. Estos tres pilares son sobre los que se
sustenta la propuesta aplicada presentada en este trabajo dirigida a familiares-cuidadores de personas
con un diagnóstico de TLP
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a problem characterized by instability and emotional dysregulation that affects the person diagnosed and their close core of relationship. The people who make up these core are important in the disease process as they absorb, cushion and manage the frequent emotional peaks that accompany the disorder. This generates consequences on a personal, emotional and relational level in the caregiver. Different programs have sought to alleviate this problem. Linehan's well-known Dialectical Behavioral Theory (DBT) made a first approach in 1993 in the design of treatment programs for patients with BPD. After it, adaptations arose, such as the Family Connections (FC) group program. The objective of this systematic review is to analyze the studies published on the effectiveness of the FC program since its inception in 2004, also including current interventions (last 5 years) based on learning skills. After analyzing the selected studies, the main conclusion drawn is that the FC program is effective in improving the emotional discomfort of family-caregivers derived from the BPD situation of their loved one. Other variables such as depression, grief and a sense of personal control also show changes in the desired direction after the intervention. The participants positively value the knowledge acquired about the BPD, the acceptance and validation skills and the creation of a support group. These three pillars are on which the applied proposal presented in this work is based, aimed at family-caregivers of people with a diagnosis of BPD
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a problem characterized by instability and emotional dysregulation that affects the person diagnosed and their close core of relationship. The people who make up these core are important in the disease process as they absorb, cushion and manage the frequent emotional peaks that accompany the disorder. This generates consequences on a personal, emotional and relational level in the caregiver. Different programs have sought to alleviate this problem. Linehan's well-known Dialectical Behavioral Theory (DBT) made a first approach in 1993 in the design of treatment programs for patients with BPD. After it, adaptations arose, such as the Family Connections (FC) group program. The objective of this systematic review is to analyze the studies published on the effectiveness of the FC program since its inception in 2004, also including current interventions (last 5 years) based on learning skills. After analyzing the selected studies, the main conclusion drawn is that the FC program is effective in improving the emotional discomfort of family-caregivers derived from the BPD situation of their loved one. Other variables such as depression, grief and a sense of personal control also show changes in the desired direction after the intervention. The participants positively value the knowledge acquired about the BPD, the acceptance and validation skills and the creation of a support group. These three pillars are on which the applied proposal presented in this work is based, aimed at family-caregivers of people with a diagnosis of BPD
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Traballo Fin de Máster en Psicoloxía Xeral Sanitaria. Curso 2022-2023
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