Herramientas estadísticas para el tratamiento de datos de estrellas binarias de la misión astrométrica GAIA
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[ES] Este documento pretende extraer conclusiones a partir del análisis de datos astronómicos,
así como dar posibles estrategias para el tratamiento de los mismos. Uno de los
campos en el que nos vamos a centrar es en el de las estrellas dobles, pues se cree que éstas
constituyen aproximadamente un 70% de las estrellas totales de nuestra galaxia, la Vía
Láctea; razón más que justificada para dedicarles una atención especial. Nuestro punto
de partida va a ser la misión Gaia, lanzada por la Agencia Espacial Europea en el año
2013, y que tiene como objetivo trazar un mapa tridimensional de nuestra galaxia con una
precisión nunca antes lograda. Los datos utilizados en nuestros análisis serán tomados de
catálogos estelares relativos a esta misión, así como de catálogos previos ya validados, como
el catálogo Hipparcos. Uno de los principales objetivos de este escrito es la validación de
los datos de la misión Gaia relativos a estrellas dobles, para lo que se echa mano de contrastes
estadísticos de distribuciones. Así mismo, también se pretende dar una idea general
de lo complejo que puede ser el problema de la estimación de la distancia en Astronomía,
cuya posible solución pasa por el planteamiento del mismo desde un enfoque probabilístico
bayesiano.
[EN] The aim of this paper is both to get conclusions from astronomical-data analysis and to show possible strategies in order to treat with them. One of the fields in which we are going to focus on is in double stars, since they are believed to constitute approximately the 70% of the total number of stars in our galaxy, the Milky Way. We thus consider the previous statement as a strong reason to give them special treatment. Our starting point is going to be the Gaia mission, launched by the European Space Agency in 2013, whose main aim is to make a highly accurate three dimensional map of our galaxy, never got before in the astronomical world. Data in our analysis are taken either from catalogues provided by the Gaia mission or from previous well-known catalogues as Hipparcos. One of the main goals of this letter is data validation related to double stars in the Gaia mission, carried out by using statististical contrasts on probability distributions. In addition, we try tho show the general complexity that estimating astronomical distances involves, where a bayesian approach in terms of probability could be needed.
[EN] The aim of this paper is both to get conclusions from astronomical-data analysis and to show possible strategies in order to treat with them. One of the fields in which we are going to focus on is in double stars, since they are believed to constitute approximately the 70% of the total number of stars in our galaxy, the Milky Way. We thus consider the previous statement as a strong reason to give them special treatment. Our starting point is going to be the Gaia mission, launched by the European Space Agency in 2013, whose main aim is to make a highly accurate three dimensional map of our galaxy, never got before in the astronomical world. Data in our analysis are taken either from catalogues provided by the Gaia mission or from previous well-known catalogues as Hipparcos. One of the main goals of this letter is data validation related to double stars in the Gaia mission, carried out by using statististical contrasts on probability distributions. In addition, we try tho show the general complexity that estimating astronomical distances involves, where a bayesian approach in terms of probability could be needed.
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Traballo de Fin de Grao en Matemáticas. Curso 2018-2019
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