Design and formulation of nanocarriers for the treatment of diabetic eye diseases

Abstract

The eye is a crucial organ that allows us to experience the world visually, and the loss of vision is a fear for many. One significant threat to eye health is diabetic retinopathy, which can result in consequences as severe as blindness if left untreated. Current treatments for diabetic retinopathy involve injections and laser exposure, but they only slow down the degeneration of the retina. Therefore, there exists a need for preventive treatments to protect patients' vision. One potential solution is the use of a small molecule called epalrestat, which can block a metabolic pathway involved in the development of diabetic retinopathy. To enhance the delivery of epalrestat to the eye, drug carriers have been investigated. Niosomes and oleogels were formulated, characterized, and tested in various models including ex vivo, in ovo, and in vivo assays. The self-assembly process of the niosomes was investigated with the help of a monolayer model. These carriers provided a saf e and e:fficient way to help with the transport of epalrestat across the various ocular barriers.