Centro de Investigación Interuniversitario das Paisaxes Atlánticas Culturais (CISPAC)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10347/34295

O CISPAC, centro de investigación interuniveristario das paisaxes atlánticas culturais, é un centro singular de nova xeración, pioneiro na investigación fundamental e aplicada nos ámbitos das ciencias sociais e humanas. Constitúe un modelo de referencia que busca mellorar o aproveitamento das capacidades en I+D, coa confluencia de 108 investigadores e investigadoras de alto nivel que pertencen a 36 grupos de investigación das Universidades da Coruña, Santiago de Compostela e Vigo, que foron seleccionados por un Comité Asesor Externo.

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Expanding the Faunal Interpretation of the Cova Eirós (NW Iberia) Middle Paleolithic–Early Upper Paleolithic Record With ZooMS
(Wiley, 2026-04-08) Díaz Rodríguez, Mikel; Bal García, Hugo; Díaz Rodríguez, Mikel; Ibáñez Encinas, Álvaro; Lombera Hermida, Arturo; Mosquera Castro, Tania; Fábregas Valcarce, Ramón; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Historia; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Centro de Investigación Interuniversitario das Paixases Atlánticas Culturais (CISPAC)
The Cova Eirós archaeopaleontological site preserves the most comprehensive archaeostratigraphic sequence in the northwestern Iberian Peninsula, with an exceptionally rich record spanning from the Mousterian to the Upper Paleolithic. The extensive fragmentation of the faunal record and the rich taxonomic diversity at this site have limited the identifiability of the remains and led to an overrepresentation of the main taxa (Ursus spelaeus and Cervus elaphus). To refine our understanding of the site's faunal composition and to explore the subsistence strategies of both Neanderthal and Anatomically Modern Human (AMH) groups, we compared the results of traditional morphological analyses with those obtained through the application of Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS) to the indeterminate fraction of the assemblage. While overall congruent with morphological identifications, the ZooMS data reveal two significant trends: firstly, a marked decrease in the relative abundance of Ursus spelaeus, previously overrepresented due to the prevalence of deciduous teeth; and secondly, an increased representation of large ungulates compared to that identified through conventional methods. The inclusion of specimens showing clear evidence of anthropogenic modification reduces the apparent dominance of C. elaphus, suggesting a more diversified subsistence strategy. The integration of paleoproteomic and morphological approaches thus provides a more nuanced reconstruction of the paleoenvironment and dietary patterns of the hunter-gatherer groups occupying the Eastern Mountains of Galicia during the middle to late phases of MIS 3.
La presencia del HIC “2150* Dunas fijas descalcificadas atlánticas (Calluno-Ulicetea)” en la costa gallega: primeros resultados
(Universidad de Extremadura. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2025) Cajade Pascual, Daniel; Blanco Chao, Ramón; Costa Casais, Manuela; Lema Iglesias, Sara; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Xeografía; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Centro de Investigación Interuniversitario das Paixases Atlánticas Culturais (CISPAC); Nieto Masot, Ana; Cárdenas Alonso, Gema; Engelmo Moriche, Ángela
Among the different Habitats of Community Interest (HIC) identified on the Spanish coast, the presence of HIC "2150* Atlantic decalcified fixed dunes (Calluno-Ulicetea)" is restricted to the Atlantic coast of the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula. This study presents a preliminary assessment of its potential presence along the Galician coast, based on fieldwork, sedimentological analysis of aeolian levels, and photointerpretation of aerial imagery. Fieldwork was conducted in two sectors: Monte Branco - A Barra (Anllóns River estuary, Ponteceso) and Seiras - Porto Nadelas (Porto do Son). Sediment samples were obtained at different depths for subsequent sedimentological analysis (granulometry, morphometry, loss on ignition, biogenic carbonate content, and pH). Sampling locations were selected using aerial imagery (from 1956 to 2023), identifying the different evolutionary phases of aeolian levels since the mid-20th century. The results obtained enable the define geomorphological parameters and methodologies for the identification of HIC 2150*, develop a preliminary estimate of its potential occurrence on the Galician coast, and evaluation of its implications for the management and planning of coastal systems.
Procesos geomorfológicos en la interfaz fluvio-marina: dinámica sedimentaria y valoración de la geodiversidad del sistema Alemparte-Riosmar (A Mariña, Lugo)
(Universidad de Extremadura. Servicio de Publicaciones, 2025) Galdo, Kesia; Cajade Pascual, Daniel; Blanco Chao, Ramón; García García, Jesús Horacio; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Xeografía; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Centro de Investigación Interuniversitario das Paixases Atlánticas Culturais (CISPAC); Nieto Masot, Ana; Cárdenas Alonso, Gema; Engelmo Moriche, Ángela
This paper analyzes the geomorphological dynamics of the Alemparte River and Riosmar Beach, located in Foz (Lugo, NW Iberian Peninsula). The aim is to provide a scientific basis for land use and management following the principles of “know and value”. The study begins by mapping the erosional escarpment at the river-sea interface from 1956 to the present. At a finer spatial and temporal resolution, sedimentary and topographic changes between the dry (summer) and wet (winter) seasons were assessed using gravelmeters and UAV imagery. Results indicate a highly dynamic sedimentary environment at Riosmar Beach, although with a neutral balance in sediment input and output. The alluvial fans feeding the beach are directly connected to the sea through the Alemparte River, forming a significant sediment transfer corridor. The study concludes by emphasizing the need for evidencebased management of highly geodiverse landscapes.
Recovery of the traditional colours of painted woodwork in the Historical Centre of Lugo (NW Spain)
(Elsevier, 2011-07) Prieto Lamas, Beatriz; Sanmartín Sánchez, Patricia; Pereira Pardo, Lucía; Silva Hermo, Benita María; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigación en Tecnoloxías Ambientais (CRETUS); Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola
The rehabilitation of the degraded medieval quarter of A. Tinería, in Lugo (NW Spain) included the recovery of the traditional colours on plasters and woodwork. To achieve this aim, the paint materials on wooden elements (window frames and doors) have been characterised firstly by means of colour measurements on site, with a portable solid reflection spectrophotometer, and secondly by pigment analysis of paint samples, using OM, SEM-EDS and MRS. The results revealed that the predominant colour in the cityscape of the 19th and early 20th century was red, and that the paints contained red ochre of a local origin, in some cases with the addition of red lead. Other minor colours were identified as well: blue paints contained ultramarine blue or Prussian blue, yellow paints contained lead oxide and green paints were based on copper pigments or on a mixture of Prussian blue and yellow lead oxide. Extenders like barium sulfate, gypsum or calcite were often added to the paints. Finally, the turquoise paints were applied in recent times, as titanium white and phtalocyanine green (both industrially synthesised in the 20th century) were identified in their composition. These results have contributed to the elaboration of the Colour Plan of the Historic Centre of Lugo. The rehabilitation of A. Tinería is still ongoing and has received one of the United Nations’ International Dubai awards in 2008, recognizing good practices and local leadership
Color of cyanobacteria: some methodological aspects
(Optica Publishing Group, 2010-04-01) Prieto Lamas, Beatriz; Sanmartín Sánchez, Patricia; Aira Touzón, Noelia; Silva Hermo, Benita María; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigación en Tecnoloxías Ambientais (CRETUS); Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola
Although the color of cyanobacteria is a very informative characteristic, no standardized protocol has, so far, been established for defining the color in an objective way, and, therefore, direct comparison of experimental results obtained by different research groups is not possible. In the present study, we used colorimetric measurements and conventional statistical tools to determine the effects on the measurement of the color of cyanobacteria, of the concentration of the microorganisms and their moisture content, as well as of the size of the target area and the minimum number of measurements. It was concluded that the color measurement is affected by every factor studied, but that this can be controlled for by making at least 10 consecutive measurements=9:62 cm2 at different randomly selected points on the surface of filters completely covered by films of cyanobacteria in which the moisture contents are higher than 50%
Measuring de the color of granite rocks. A proposed procedure
(Wiley, 2010) Prieto Lamas, Beatriz; Sanmartín Sánchez, Patricia; Silva Hermo, Benita María; Martínez Verdú, Francisco; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigación en Tecnoloxías Ambientais (CRETUS); Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola
In spite of color being one of the physicochemical parameters most commonly used to characterize ornamental stone, there is yet no standardized protocol for measuring this parameter. Such a protocol is of particular importance for characterizing the color of heterogeneous surfaces, as in the case of granite. The aim of the present study was to determine the minimum area and the number of measurements required to characterize the color of granite rocks. A spectrophotometer and a tristimulus colorimeter, were used to measure the color of granite samples, and the measurements were expressed in CIE L*a*b* color system units. Three parameters were considered as variable factors: the type of rock (Labrador Claro, Grissal, Rosa Porriño, and Blanco Cristal), surface finish (polished, honed, sawn, and flamed), and target area (circular apertures of diameter 5, 8, 10, and 50 mm). The results of the application of multivariate analysis of variance and of the classical CIELAB formula and CIE L*a*b*-based color-difference formulae (i.e., CIE94 and CIEDE2000) to the data revealed that, although all considered factors affected the minimal area and the number of measurements required, the different circular apertures of both the instruments can be disregarded if the number of measurements and area recommended in this study are used
Relationship between color and pigment production in two stone biofilm-forming cyanobacteria (Nostoc sp. PCC 9104 and Nostoc sp. PCC 9025)
(Taylor and Francis, 2010-04-26) Sanmartín Sánchez, Patricia; Aira Touzón, Noelia; Devesa Rey, Rosa; Silva Hermo, Benita María; Prieto Lamas, Beatriz; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigación en Tecnoloxías Ambientais (CRETUS); Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola
Previous studies have provided evidence that color measurements enable on site quantification of superficial biofilms, thereby avoiding the need for sampling. In the present study, the efficiency of color measurements to evaluate to what extent pigment production is affected by environmental parameters such as light intensity, combined nitrogen and nutrient availability, was tested with two cyanobacteria, Nostoc sp. strains PCC 9104 and PCC 9025, which form biofilms on stone. Both strains were acclimated, in aerated batch cultures for 2 weeks, to three different culture media: BG-11, BG-110, and BG-110/10 at either high or low light intensity. The content of chlorophyll a, carotenoids, and phycocyanins was measured throughout the experiment, together with variations in the color of the cyanobacteria, which were represented in the CIELAB color space. The results confirmed that the CIELAB color parameters are correlated with pigment content in such a way that variations in the latter are reflected as variations in color
Rapid evaluation of three biocide treatments against the cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. PCC 9104 by color changes
(Springer, 2015) Sanmartín Sánchez, Patricia; Villa, Federica; Polo, Andrea; Silva Hermo, Benita María; Prieto Lamas, Beatriz; Cappitelli, Francesca; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigación en Tecnoloxías Ambientais (CRETUS); Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola
Repeated short–term exposures to: (1) a commercial isothiazoline biocide (Biotin T®), (2) constant temperature (37 °C) and (3) UV-C germicidal irradiation (254 nm) on planktonic culture of an aeroterrestrial cyanobacterium of the genus Nostoc was carried out to assess (1) the effectiveness of the three trial treatments, referred to here as biocide strategies, and (2) the usefulness of CIELAB color coordinates (L*, a*, b*, C*ab, and hab) in monitoring their effectiviness. After each exposure, spectrophotometric measurements of chlorophyll-a, phycobiliproteins (phycocyanin PC, allophycocyanin APC, and phycoerythrin PE), and total carotenoids were conducted together with CIELAB color measurements and the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) assay. In terms of effectiveness of biocide treatments, Biotin T® was the most effective, followed by UV-C irradiation. Constant 37 °C temperature showed no biocidal effect, as ATP, chlorophyll-a, phycocyanin, and allophycocyanin values increased. Results showed that L*, a*, and hab CIELAB parameters could be usefully used to monitor the effectiveness of these three biocide strategies being all the CIELAB color coordinates significantly correlated with chlorophyll-a, phycocyanin, allophycocyanin, and ATP contents. In particular, for the first time, linear regression equations were calculated to predict chlorophyll-a and ATP from parameters L* and a*, and phycocyanin and allophycocyanin from parameters L* and hab, obtaining values of adjusted R 2 close to 0.9. Future considerations will include the application of this technique to cyanobacterial biofilms present on stone surfaces, since the evaluation presented in this study is limited to planktonic cultures
La protección del patrimonio cultural del Ayuntamiento lucense. La historia de una salvaguarda y los intentos de autorización
(Alvarellos Editora, 2024) Fernández Rodríguez, Begoña; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Historia da Arte; Cortés López, Miriam Elena
Uno de los temas que más preocupa en el campo del Patrimonio Cultural es la protección de los diferentes bienes culturales y su diferentes intentos de actualidad para garantizar su salvaguarda. Ello motiva que a lo largo del tiempo, en muchos de los casos, se hayan sucedido diferentes figuras o intentos que tratan de lograr la protección de alguno de los bienes, ya que no todos cuentan con figuras al respecto. Esto es lo que sucede en el Ayuntamiento lucense, en el que aunque existen un gran número de bienes culturales, son escasos los que cuentan con medidas de protección al respecto. Entre los que la poseen se puede citar el caso de la Muralla de Lugo, bien declarado Patrimonio Mundial, La Catedral, el Convento de San Francisco, Santa Eulalia de Bóveda o las termas romanas, bienes que cuentan con decretos antiguos que no han sido adaptados a la normativa vigente. En este trabajo se trata de hacer un estado de la cuestión sobre los diferentes bienes que se encuentran en el citado ayuntamiento y los diferentes intentos de protección que se han materializado en ellos, para evaluar el estado de la cuestión en el que se haya la protección de los diferentes elementos de patrimonio en el citado ayuntamiento.
Paisajes del agua. Del pasado incómodo a las perspectivas futuras
(Real Sociedad de Amigos del País, 2025) Fernández Rodríguez, Begoña; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Historia da Arte
En el siglo XX se ejecutaron un importante número de obras hidráulicas en España. Infraestructuras que conllevaron la mejora del aprovechamiento de los recursos hídricos para su aprovechamiento por la población. Obras que mayoritariamente, aunque no todas se corresponden con este momento, se asociaron con las políticas desarrolladas por el gobierno franquista, asociación que hoy sigue muy presente en nuestra sociedad. No obstante, a raíz de los cambios experimentados en los últimos años, relacionados entre otros con el cambio climático o con el auge del turismo cultural, estos elementos se han convertido en potenciales recursos naturales. Es su relevancia dentro de este ámbito la que propicia una resignificación de estas infraestructuras que, desde el campo del patrimonio cultural, abre nuevas perspectivas para la recuperación de la memoria de las localidades, al tiempo que surge la necesidad de reflexionar sobre estos elementos de cara a su protección.
Nondestructive assessment of phytopigments in riverbed sediments by use of instrumental color measurements
(Springer, 2011-04-19) Sanmartín Sánchez, Patricia; Devesa Rey, Rosa; Prieto Lamas, Beatriz; Barral Silva, María Teresa; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigación en Tecnoloxías Ambientais (CRETUS); Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola
Purpose The quantification of phytopigments in riverbed sediments deserves further attention because it provides information about eutrophic levels, and therefore about sediment and water quality. Due to the current interest in the study of eutrophication processes, there is a need for the development of a rapid, simple, cost-effective, and nondestructive method of quantifying phytopigment content. We describe one method based on color measurements and without the need for extraction and chemical assay. Materials and methods Sediment cores were collected along the watercourse of the Anllóns River (northwest Spain). The reflectance color measurements were analyzed with the CIELAB color parameters, using Cartesian (L*a*b*) and cylindrical (L*C*abhab) coordinates. Phytopigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, phaeopigments and total carotenoids) were extracted with dimethylsulphoxide and were determined spectrophotometrically. Results and discussion The CIELAB color parameters were significantly correlated with phytopigment content (involving logarithmic, inverse, and simple data). The linear regression equations were used to predict chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid contents, as well as the total pigment contents from parameter a* (redness–greenness of the color) and parameter C*ab (chroma of the color), and values of adjusted R 2 were close to 0.9. The closest relation between phytopigments and color parameters corresponded to chlorophyll a, which may be estimated by means of Chla = 46.4–70.6 log10 (a*) and Chla = −15.7 + 238.1 (1/C*ab) as predictive equations. The phaeophytinization quotient is somewhat questionable due to the low adjusted R 2 values obtained. Conclusions This work demonstrates that it is possible to determine phytopigment contents in riverbed sediments by means of a nondestructive colorimetric method employing the CIELAB color parameters. In addition, the abundance of phytopigments in the sediment core showed no clear trend either along the longitudinal axis of the river or in relation to sediment depth
San Domingos de Pontevedra. Fortuna Patrimonial e Memoria urbana dunha ruina
(Museo de Pontevedra, 2024) Fernández Rodríguez, Begoña; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Historia da Arte
Las ruinas del Convento de Santo Domingo de Pontevedra son uno de los principales monumentos de la ciudad. Importancia que no solo radica en las formas, en las que se testimonia la trascendencia del pasado medieval y, por extensión la relevancia que la Orden de Predicadores alcanzó en Pontevedra. Aspectos que, aunque importantes, no explican por si mismos el protagonismo que la cabecera adquirió en la vida de Pontevedra y de sus habitantes. Si importante es el proceso de creación, mucho más destacable es la historia de su conservación. Lucha titánica en la que participaron un grupo de intelectuales comprometidos que convirtieron a los restos del Convento de Santo Domingo en un ejemplo destacado de nuestro patrimonio cultural. Es este espacio, hoy integrado en el Museo de Pontevedra, en el que el tiempo se detiene para abrir una nueva dimensión que permite comprender la historia de la conservación del un monumento, el primero que fue reconocido con tal en la ciudad, pero también la historia de la propia ciudad y de sus gentes, ya que estas ruinas con su presencia se convierte en un testimonio de la historia de los siglos XIX y XX, y sin ellas la historia de Pontevedra y de sus monumentos no sería la que es hoy.
Effect of surface finish on roughness, color and gloss of ornamental granites
(ASCE (American Society of Civil Engineers) Library, 2011-01-29) Sanmartín Sánchez, Patricia; Silva Hermo, Benita María; Prieto Lamas, Beatriz; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigación en Tecnoloxías Ambientais (CRETUS); Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola
The effects of four of the most common types of surface finish on the appearance of five varieties of ornamental granite, all widely used in building construction and selected for their different colors, were analyzed by means of roughness, color, and gloss measurements. The results demonstrated that different surface finishes produce differences in color, especially in the lightness parameter (𝐿* ), and that the magnitude of these differences depends on the color of the ornamental granite and is greatest in dark colored rocks. However, the variation in the color parameters with the different surface finishes did not depend on roughness, and no general conclusions could be drawn regarding the influence of the roughness on the color of ornamental granite. Gloss values were affected by the color of the ornamental granite, but in a different way for smooth and rough surfaces. Variation in gloss also depended on the mineral composition of the rock. Gloss and roughness were inversely related, but only within the range of low roughness values. In addition, the color gamut of the studied ornamental granites was defined within the CIELAB color space. These results will contribute to providing a standardized, objective method of characterizing the color of granite that will be useful for different workers in the field of building construction
Revisiting and reanalysing the concept of bioreceptivity 25 years on
(Elsevier, 2021-05-20) Sanmartín Sánchez, Patricia; Miller, Ana Zélia; Prieto Lamas, Beatriz; Viles, Heather A.; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigación en Tecnoloxías Ambientais (CRETUS)
2020 marks 25 years since Olivier Guillitte defined the term ‘bioreceptivity’, to describe the ability of a building material to be colonised by living organisms. Although Guillitte noted in his 1995 paper that several issues required further investigation, to the best of our knowledge the bioreceptivity concept has not been restated, reviewed, reanalysed or updated since then. The present paper provides an opinionated exposition of the status and utility of the bioreceptivity concept for built heritage science and conservation in the light of current knowledge, aimed to stimulate further discussion. A bibliometric analysis highlights the key dimensions of the past 25 years of published research, showing that the term bioreceptivity has been widely used in the field of built cultural heritage. In our reanalysis of the concept, special attention is devoted to the six types of bioreceptivity (primary, secondary, tertiary, intrinsic, extrinsic and semi-extrinsic) articulated by Guillitte in 1995. We propose that field-based studies of bioreceptivity are urgently needed, and that the intrinsic, extrinsic and semi-extrinsic types of bioreceptivity should be dropped, and a new category (quaternary bioreceptivity) added. Additionally, we propose that bioreceptivity in submerged and subsoil environments should also be considered. Bioreceptivity remains an important concept for managing both new build and built heritage, as it provides the key to understanding the drivers and patterns of biological colonisation of building materials
Resistencias metrológicas del campesinado castellano en la Edad Moderna
(Universidad Nacional de La Plata (Argentina), Universidad de Cantabria (España), 2024-06-14) Castro Redondo, Rubén; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Historia; Castro Redondo, Rubén; Luna, Pablo F.
Dealing with the outside: social power and legitimation in the South-East Iberian Peninsula during the Late Iron Age (6th – 1st Centuries BC)
(University of Ljubljana Press, Slovenia (Založba Univerze v Ljubljani), 2021-11-25) López Mondéjar, María Leticia; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Didácticas Aplicadas
The aim of this paper is to analyse some strategies of power, social control and legitimation during the Iberian Late Iron Age (6th–1st centuries BC). It addresses how the Iberian elites exploited the domain of the ‘outside’ to legitimise and to retain their status. A diachronic approach is presented seeking to analyse the role of the outside realm throughout all the examined period and the variety of its expressions within the Iberian societies. In particular, the paper focuses on the south-east of Spain, an area with a rich archaeological record which, however, have never been approached from this view
Paleoenvironmental reconstruction of an urban archaeological site: The Roman Salt mines of Vigo, northwest Iberia
(Wiley, 2017-03-21) Tallón Armada, Rebeca; Costa Casais, Manuela; Blanco Chao, Ramón; Taboada Rodríguez, Teresa María; Martínez Cortizas, Antonio; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Xeografía; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigación en Tecnoloxías Ambientais (CRETUS)
Pedostratigraphy applied to urban archaeological coastal sites, combined with coastal geomor-phological and archaeological data, provide important information for interpreting the complexity of coastal urban areas and their environment. This paper applies this methodology in the case of the Roman salt mines of Vigo, northwest Spain, and presents geomorphological and geoarchaeo-logical data (stratigraphy, physicochemical soil properties, mineralogy, radiocarbon dating) for the museum where these remains are located. A 2000 year pedostratigraphic sequence was recon-structed, showing coastal evolution from beach to marshland. This change, along with more favorable climatic conditions related to the Roman Warm Period and dynamics associated with late Holocene rising sea level, created suitable conditions for the establishment of a salt mine. Geoar-chaeological work is essential in archaeological excavations of modern urban areas, as demon-strated at Vigo where the study of pedostratigraphy provides crucial information on past envi-ronmental changes and human activities. Pedostratigraphic records and archaeological remains should be considered part of the geological and cultural heritage of urban areas
An index to assess the extent and success of river and floodplain restoration: Recognising dynamic response trajectories and applying a process-based approach to managing river recovery
(Wiley, 2020-07-22) Fuller, Ian C.; Death, Russel G.; García García, Jesús Horacio; Trenc, Neven; Pratt, Renae; Pitiot, Claudie; Matoš, Bojan; Ollero Ojeda, Alfredo; Neverman, Andrew; Death, Amanda; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Xeografía
How should the success of river and floodplain restoration be assessed? What should we be restoring? We contend that the benchmark for restoration should be the river in its “natural,” that is, quasi-equilibrium condition prior to deliberate modification. The pre-modification condition of the river represents a quasi-equilibrium state in which the river accommodates and adjusts to catchment water and sediment fluxes, whether in a pristine or modified catchment. The resulting assemblage of river landforms (e.g., bars, channels, backwaters) is in balance with the prevailing flood and sediment regime. Furthermore, equilibrium channel forms can adjust to changes in, for example, flood magnitude and frequency via for example, channel expansion or contraction. A restored river system is one that once was anthropogenically restricted, but now has regained capacity to adjust its form. River restoration needs understanding of the history and trajectory of pre-modification channels, so that the “right” river type can be restored. To assess the scope and success of restoration, we propose using a natural character index (NCI). The NCI is the ratio between a parameter which describes the form and function of a river now (observed) and the same parameter measured at a point or points in time past (expected). Exemplar parameters include sinuosity, floodplain width, active channel width, bar area (at a given flow) and riparian vegetation. Measurement of these parameters utilizes a combination of aerial photos, archive maps and LiDAR-derived terrain models, the availability of which necessarily limits and determines what parameters can be used in NCI assessment. LiDAR is a useful tool providing an opportunity to comprehend pre-modification river and floodplain character. We illustrate the NCI concept and its potential for use in assessing restoration effects using examples from New Zealand, Spain and Croatia. The result is an index of use as a “first cut” preliminary assessment for river practitioners
Las mujeres rurales y su papel en los incendios de la Galicia (España) del siglo XX
(Centro de Estudios de Historia Agraria de América Latina – CEHAL, 2023-11-10) Cabana Iglesia, Ana; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Historia
Los incendios forestales han sido un tema central para diferentes disciplinas, lo que ha permitido su análisis desde múltiples perspectivas. La historia agraria ha sido una de ellas, sin embargo, es posible advertir una laguna incluso en las historiografías que han prestado mayor atención al estudio del fuego y sus usos, aquella que tiene que ver con la integración del rol desempeñado por las mujeres y el género. Este artículo ofrece una aproximación a este asunto valiéndose de un estudio de caso centrado en Galicia (España), un espacio definido por una elevada incidencia de los incendios forestales y por una drástica transformación de la cultura del fuego desde mediados del siglo XX en el contexto de una mutación de los usos de los espacios comunales.
Farming the nation: Agrarian parties and the national question in interwar Europe
(Nise Belgium, 2021-08-03) Cabo Villaverde, Miguel; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Historia Contemporánea e de América
Agrarian parties played a key role in many European countries during the interwar period, particularly in Scandinavia, Central and Eastern Europe. Though quite heterogenous in almost every respect, they had enough in common to jointly found the Prague-based Green International or International Agrarian Bureau (IAB) (1921- 1938). Although their ideological foundations lacked the depth and coherence of other political families such as liberalism or socialism, circumstances obliged agrarian parties to elaborate lengthy discourses on nationalism and nation-building. The writings of leaders and thinkers in the vein of Milan Hodža, Antonín Švehla or Alexandr Stamboliski, as well as the Bulletin of the IAB, provide enough material for a discussion of their views on these matters. These debates were not merely theoretical because agrarian parties were constantly confronted with the national question, either as minority-based parties within multi-ethnic countries (for example the HSS in Croatia), or as mainstream parties bent on redefining the national identity of their countries in accordance with their (rural) values (for example the Bulgarian Agrarian Union or the Parti Agraire et Paysan Français). Another source of contradiction was their vision of countryfolk as the purest expression of national identity, which often made them hard to distinguish from strictly nationalist parties, together with their support of regional federations aiming at a European confederation.

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