Neuparth, TeresaMachado, André M.Montes Goyanes, RosaRodil Rodríguez, María del RosarioBarros, SusanaAlves, NélsonRuivo, RaquelCastro, Luis FilipeQuintana Álvarez, José BenitoSantos, Miguel Machado2021-04-272021-04-272020Environment International 144 (2020) 1060200160-4120http://hdl.handle.net/10347/26080The hypothesis that exposure to certain environmental chemicals during early life stages may disrupt reproduction across multiple non-exposed generations has significant implications for understanding disease etiology and adverse outcomes. We demonstrate here reproductive multi and transgenerational effects, at environmentally relevant levels, of one of the most prescribed human pharmaceuticals, simvastatin, in a keystone species, the amphipod Gammarus locusta. The transgenerational findings has major implications for hazard and risk assessment of pharmaceuticals and other contaminants of emerging concern given that transgenerational effects of environmental chemicals are not addressed in current hazard and risk assessment schemes. Considering that the mevalonate synthesis, one of the key metabolic pathways targeted by simvastatin, is highly conserved among metazoans, these results may also shed light on the potential transgenerational effects of simvastatin on other animals, including humans.eng© 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/SimvastatinTransgenerational effectsReproductionTranscriptomicEpigeneticsRegulatory agenciesjournal article10.1016/j.envint.2020.106020open access