Ruiz Miguel, CarlosPérez Rivas, NataliaAlsarhan, Majed Falah Miqdad2024-10-302024-10-302024https://hdl.handle.net/10347/37575Through the World Wide Web, one can access many websites and conduct many electronic transactions in short time, and since many electronic transactions have a contractual nature, it was necessary to provide legal protection. Many countries enacted legislation through which they aimed to protect electronic transaction, the Jordanian legislator and the Iraqi legislator were not far from it. Both legislators decided to provide legal protection by enacting a legislation for electronic transactions in both countries with the aim of providing legal protection for electronic transactions in their civil aspect. This protection was not limited to the civil aspect in Jordanian legislation, but rather the protection included penal legislation as well through the enactment of a law for electronic crimes.engElectronic transactionsCriminal protectionElectronic crimesProcedural criminal protectionsubstanative criminal protection560505 Derecho penaldoctoral thesisopen access