López Durán, AnaMartínez Vispo, CarmelaBarroso Hurtado, MaríaSuárez Castro, DanielBecoña Iglesias, Elisardo2025-01-272025-01-272024International Journal of Medical Informatics Volume 195, March 2025, 105774https://hdl.handle.net/10347/39078Introduction The use of video calls to provide health-related interventions has grown significantly, showing positive results in a broad range of psychological interventions. Scarce research has examined video-call use in smoking cessation treatments. The purpose of this study was to compare two randomised controlled trials conducting a cognitive-behavioral intervention to quit smoking in-person versus using video calls. Material and methods This study is a secondary analysis of two randomised controlled trial studies (RCTs) conducted using two delivery formats: in-person vs. video calls. The sample comprised 498 adults seeking smoking cessation treatment. We analysed smoking cessation, cigarette reduction, and treatment satisfaction outcomes according to delivery format. Results No significant differences were found in sex, age, and baseline smoking-related variables. A significantly higher proportion of participants in the video-call format had university studies, were actively working, and had a history of depression compared to the in-person format. No significant differences were found in cessation, smoking reduction, and satisfaction with treatment. Predictive variables of 12-month abstinence were: baseline number of cigarettes smoked per day (OR = 0.93) in the case of the in-person format; and being a woman (OR = 0.53), cigarette dependence (OR = 0.46), and last year quit attempt (OR = 0.52) in the video-call format. Conclusions Both delivery formats showed similar abstinence rates at 12 months and satisfaction with the intervention. Therefore, in-person and video calls could be used to deliver smoking cessation treatments. Given that predictors of long-term abstinence differed across these delivery formats, further research is needed.eng© 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/EhealthSmoking cessationLong-term abstinenceVideo calljournal article10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2024.105774open access