García Lesta, DanielCabello Ferrer, DiegoLópez Martínez, PaulaBrea Sánchez, Víctor Manuel2024-11-212024-11-212024-02-26IEEE Sensors Journal (Volume: 24, Issue: 7, 01 April 2024)1558-1748https://hdl.handle.net/10347/37790© 2024 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.Background subtraction is one of the first visual tasks in many video processing applications. In this work, we introduce a hardware adaptation of a top-ranked rule-based algorithm, the Pixel-Based Adaptive Segmenter (PBAS), implemented on an integrated circuit with on-focal plane processing. On average, our hardware-oriented PBAS (HO-PBAS) proposal features a similar algorithm performance to that of the original PBAS with the benefit of a reduced number of samples of the background model and linear equations, and thus a simpler overall model. This algorithm was implemented as a 98×98 pixels full-custom mixed-signal 180 nm standard CMOS vision sensor. This solution features in-pixel processing with resource sharing strategies and 47 μm pixel pitch. The in-pixel processing includes the whole algorithm data path along with image pre-processing. The assessment of our implementation through F-Measure metrics with images captured by our chip from the public dataset changedetection shown on a PC screen results in a decrease of performance of only 6.7% with respect to the software version of PBAS.engBackground subtractionCMOS Vision SensorsPBASMixed-signaljournal article10.1109/JSEN.2024.3367169open access