López Cabarcos, María ÁngelesPiñeiro Chousa, Juan RamónQuiñoá-Piñeiro, Lara2024-06-282024-06-282021López-Cabarcos, M.Á., Piñeiro-Chousa, J. & Quiñoá-Piñeiro, L. (2021). An approach to a country’s innovation considering cultural, economic, and social conditions. Economic Research - Ekonomska Istraživanja, 34(1), 2747–2766. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2020.18383141331-677Xhttp://hdl.handle.net/10347/34232One of the main concerns regarding innovation lies in knowing and understanding how this phenomenon occurs. Many countries are basing their aspirations for progress on innovation, placing it at the heart of their growth strategies. In response to this need, this study proposes to analyse the combined effects of five condi tions that can lead to a country’s innovation. Using a sample of 51 countries and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), this study aims to find out whether a country’s long-term orientation, its public expenditure on education, its democracy level, the inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI), and its entre preneurial activity can lead independently or in combination to the presence of innovation. The results show that the democracy level and the long-term orientation of a country are key condi tions to lead to a country’s innovation. Conversely, the inflows of FDI and the public expenditure on education seem to play a sec ondary role to lead to a country’s innovation. Besides, the entre preneurial activity of a country and its innovative activity seem to behave in the opposite direction. The results are intended to help governments, businesses, and investors make decisions capable of generating greater value at all levels.eng© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/InnovationLong-term orientationInvestment in educationDemocracyFDIEntrepreneurshipjournal article10.1080/1331677X.2020.1838314open access