Méndez Fernández, RoiSosa Fernández, Rocío del PilarFernández Ledo, FátimaCastelló Mayo, Enrique2025-12-102025-12-102025-09-30Méndez-Fernández, R., Sosa-Fernández, R. d. P., Fernández-Ledo, F., & Castelló-Mayo, E. (2025). Democratization of Virtual Production: Usability Analysis of Three Solutions with Different Levels of Complexity: Professional, Educational and Cloud-Based. Informatics, 12(4), 104. https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics120401042227-9709https://hdl.handle.net/10347/44381The technical and technological advances of recent years in the field of real-time photorealistic rendering have enabled enormous development in virtual production. However, the democratization of this technology faces two main obstacles: the high economic cost of implementation and the high complexity of the necessary software. This paper studies three virtual production software solutions that represent different stages in the democratization process of the technology, ranging from the professional software InfinitySet, to the more generalist and educational environment Edison, and to the cloud version of this same software, Edison OnCloud. To this end, an analysis of their functionalities and interfaces is conducted, the SUS questionnaire is applied, and the three systems are evaluated from the perspective of Nielsen’s usability principles. These tests demonstrate the complexity of the professional software InfinitySet, making it unapproachable for non-expert users without extensive previous training. On the other hand, both Edison and Edison OnCloud show significant usability improvements through limiting and reducing functionalities, which also results in a reduction in implementation costs, making the use of the technology feasible in non-professional environments, such as in education or for streamers.eng© 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Virtual productionUsabilityCloud ComputingSystem Usability ScaleInvestigaciónjournal article10.3390/informatics12040104open access