Bermúdez de Castro López-Varela, AlfredoCrego Martínez, ÓscarFerrín González, José LuisGarcía Correa, BrancaGómez Pedreira, María DoloresMartínez Suárez, IvánPérez Pérez, Luis JavierSalgado Rodríguez, María del Pilar2025-10-092025-10-092025-09Bermúdez de Castro López-Varela, A., Crego Martínez, Ó., Ferrín González, J.L., García Correa, B., Gómez Pedreira, M.D., Martínez Suárez, I., Pérez Pérez, L.J. and Salgado Rodríguez, M. del P. Multiphysics simulation of slag melting in an induction furnace for sustainable silicon production. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 145, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2025.1161071872-8480https://hdl.handle.net/10347/43031This work presents a multiphysics mathematical modelling and numerical simulation of the slag melting process in an induction furnace, with a focus on the production of sustainable silicon through the EU SisAl Pilot project. The mathematical model incorporates electromagnetic, thermal and hydrodynamic phenomena in a coupled axisymmetric framework to simulate the melting of a CaO-SiO2 slag, a key component in the aluminothermic reduction process for silicon production. The model addresses the challenge of heating the poorly electrically conductive slag using a graphite crucible and it also accounts for buoyancy-driven convection in the molten slag. The numerical simulations are validated against experimental data from pilot scale trials at Elkem’s plant in Norway. In addition, sensitivity analyses are carried out considering both the progressive filling of the furnace and the inclusion of surface-to-surface radiation models.eng© 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Numerical simulationInduction furnaceSlag meltingMultiphysicsjournal article10.1016/j.apm.2025.116107open access