Argibay González, BárbaraCampos Pérez, FranciscoPérez Mato, MaríaVieites Prado, AlbaCorrea Paz, ClaraLópez Arias, EstebanSilva Candal, Andrés daMoreno de las Cuevas, VicenteMontero Orille, CarlosSobrino Moreiras, TomásCastillo Sánchez, José AntonioIglesias Rey, Ramón2020-04-062020-04-062019Argibay, B., Campos, F., Pérez-Mato, M., Vieites-Prado, A. et al. (2019). Light-Emitting Diode Photobiomodulation After Cerebral Ischemia. "Frontiers in Neurology", vol. 10, 911http://hdl.handle.net/10347/21205Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy is a promising therapeutic approach for several pathologies, including stroke. The biological effects of PBM for the treatment of cerebral ischemia have previously been explored as a neuroprotective strategy using different light sources, wavelengths, and incident light powers. However, the capability of PBM as a novel alternative therapy to stimulate the recovery of the injured neuronal tissue after ischemic stroke has been poorly explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the low-level light irradiation therapy by using Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) as potential therapeutic strategy for stroke. The LED photobiomodulation (continuous wave, 830 nm, 0.2–0.6 J/cm2) was firstly evaluated at different energy densities in C17.2 immortalized mouse neural progenitor cell lines, in order to observe if this treatment had any effect on cells, in terms of proliferation and viability. Then, the PBM-LED effect (continuous wave, 830 nm, 0.28 J/cm2 at brain cortex) on long-term recovery (12 weeks) was analyzed in ischemic animal model by means lesion reduction, behavioral deficits, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Analysis of cellular proliferation after PBM was significantly increased (1 mW) in all different exposure times used; however, this effect could not be replicated in vivo experimental conditions, as PBM did not show an infarct reduction or functional recovery. Despite the promising therapeutic effect described for PBM, further preclinical studies are necessary to optimize the therapeutic window of this novel therapy, in terms of the mechanism associated to neurorecovery and to reduce the risk of failure in futures clinical trials.engCopyright © 2019 Argibay, Campos, Perez-Mato, Vieites-Prado, Correa-Paz, López-Arias, Da Silva-Candal, Moreno, Montero, Sobrino, Castillo and Iglesias-Rey. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these termshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Functional recoveryIschemic strokePhotobiomodulation therapyMagnetic resonance imagingAnimal modelIntracerebral hemorrhagejournal article10.3389/fneur.2019.009111664-2295open access