Martínez Calabuig, NéstorPanadero Fontán, RosarioRemesar Alonso, SusanaGarcía-Dios, DavidSaldaña Ruiz, AnaDíez Baños, PabloPrieto Lago, AlbertoDíaz Fernández, PabloMorrondo Pelayo, María PatrocinioLópez Sández, Ceferino Manuel2023-06-232023-06-232023Martínez-Calabuig, N., Panadero, R., Remesar, S., García-Dios, D., Saldaña, A., Díaz, P. et al. (2023) Pedicle myiasis by Lucilia caesar (Diptera, Calliphoridae): An emerging disease in roe deer from north-western Spain. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 1–5. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/mve.126540269-283Xhttp://hdl.handle.net/10347/30786A total of 35 male roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) from Lugo province (north-western Spain) were examined for pedicle myiasis between 2020 and 2022. All these animals had died by different causes and were examined or preserved just after their death to avoid post-mortem infestations. After external and internal head inspection, five animals were diagnosed with severe myiasis at the basis of the antlers (14.29%; 95% confidence interval = 5.38–31.04). All the affected bucks presented a cutaneous wound (1.5–15 cm in diameter) around the pedicles with extensive tissue destruction, exposition of frontal and parietal bones, and massive infestation by dipteran larvae (2–12 mm long). Four of five roe deer showed whitish egg clusters adhered to the basis of the antlers. Moreover, in one animal, six larvae had penetrated the cranial cavity, and in two of them larvae were also found in the nasopharyngeal cavity. All the cases were recorded in summer (May–August). Morphological identification and subsequent molecular confirmation revealed that all animals were infested by different larval stages of Lucilia caesar (Diptera: Calliphoridae). This study represents the first report of pedicle myiasis in Spain. Since this disease is reported sporadically, the detection of five cases in a short period of time suggests an increase in the incidence of this myiasisengThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. © 2023 The Authors. Medical and Veterinary Entomology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Royal Entomological Society.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/CalliphoridaeCapreolus capreolusLucilia caesarNorth-western SpainPedicle myiasisjournal article10.1111/mve.126541365-2915open access