García Quintanilla, LauraLuaces Rodríguez, AndreaGil Martínez, MaríaMondelo García, CristinaMaroñas Amigo, OlallaMangas Sanjuán, VíctorGonzález Barcia, MiguelZarra Ferro, IreneAguiar Fernández, PabloOtero Espinar, Francisco JavierFernández Ferreiro, Anxo2020-04-032020-04-032019García-Quintanilla, L.; Luaces-Rodríguez, A.; Gil-Martínez, M.; Mondelo-García, C.; Maroñas, O.; Mangas-Sanjuan, V.; González-Barcia, M.; Zarra-Ferro, I.; Aguiar, P.; Otero-Espinar, F.J.; Fernández-Ferreiro, A. Pharmacokinetics of Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Drugs in Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Pharmaceutics 2019, 11, 365http://hdl.handle.net/10347/21145Intravitreal administration of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibodies has become the standard treatment for Age-Related Macular Degeneration; however, the knowledge of their pharmacokinetics is limited. A comprehensive review of the preclinical and clinical pharmacokinetic data that were obtained in different studies with intravitreal bevacizumab, ranibizumab, and aflibercept has been conducted. Moreover, the factors that can influence the vitreous pharmacokinetics of these drugs, as well as the methods that were used in the studies for analytical determination, have been exposed. These anti-VEGF drugs present different charge and molecular weights, which play an important role in vitreous distribution and elimination. The pharmacokinetic parameters that were collected differ depending on the species that were involved in the studies and on physiological and pathological conditions, such as vitrectomy and lensectomy. Knowledge of the intravitreal pharmacokinetics of the anti-VEGF drugs that were used in clinical practice is of vital importance.eng© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)Vascular endothelial growth factor/antagonists & inhibitorsRanibizumabAfliberceptBevacizumabAge-Related Macular DegenerationPharmacokineticsIntravitrealjournal article10.3390/pharmaceutics110803651999-4923open access