Martín Biedma, BenjamínAlmughany, Mahmoud2026-04-172026-04-172026https://hdl.handle.net/10347/46761To compare the effect of using molar bands and bonded tubes on the gingival health of upper first molar teeth during the application of fixed orthodontic appliances. Material and methodology: The study was conducted on 60 upper first molar teeth from 30 participants, aged between 12 and 35 years from both genders, who needed fixed orthodontic treatment. The upper right first molar was banded by a molar band, while the upper left first molar was bonded by a molar tube. Participants received instructions for proper oral hygiene and balanced dietary habits. The gingival parameters include gingival margin, plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, and probing depth. These parameters were assessed and examined before molar band and bonded tube placement (T0), three (T3) and six (T6) months of treatment.engAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/bonded tubeFixed orthodonticsGingival indexMolar bands321313 Ortodoncia-estomatologíadoctoral thesisopen access