Conde, Júlio J.2025-10-142025-10-142025-09-04Conde JJ. Education for Sustainable Development: The Iron Fist of Capitalism in the Era of Climate Emergency. Australian Journal of Environmental Education. 2025;41(4):985-1002. doi:10.1017/aee.2025.100750814-0626https://hdl.handle.net/10347/43075The realisation that climate tipping points may be triggered in the upcoming decades underscores the urgent need for transformative educational responses to the climate crisis that integrate scientific knowledge with socio-political dimensions. However, the consolidation of Education for Sustainable Development has gradually displaced Environmental Education (EE) from institutional and academic spaces, shifting the focus away from systemic critiques of the socio-economic drivers of the environmental crisis. Through a historical perspective on the consolidation of the paradigm of sustainable development, this article calls for an EE capable of addressing the root causes rather than the symptoms of anthropogenic climate change, contending that the survival of EE as an independent, counter-hegemonic field is essential for fostering transformative educational practices that confront climate emergency.eng© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Australian Association for Environmental Education. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial licence (https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original article is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained prior to any commercial use.Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/Climate emergencyClimate change educationEnvironmental educationEducation for sustainable developmentjournal article10.1017/aee.2025.10075open access