RT Journal Article
T1 Prevalence and characterisation of energy drink consumption in Europe: a systematic review
A1 Teijeiro Teijeira, Ana
A1 Mouriño Castro, Nerea
A1 García, Guadalupe
A1 Candal Pedreira, Cristina
A1 Rey Brandariz, Julia
A1 Guerra Tort, Carla
A1 Mascareñas García, Marta
A1 Montes Martínez, Agustín
A1 Varela Lema, María Leonor
A1 Pérez Ríos, Mónica
K1 Caffeine
K1 Energy drinks
K1 Europe
K1 Population characteristics
K1 Prevalence
K1 Systematic review
AB Objective: Energy drinks (ED) can cause cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and other health disorders. These effects are particularly pronounced in youth. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature on the consumption of ED in European countries.Design: A systematic bibliographic search was performed in November 2024 in EMBASE, MEDLINE (Ovid), Scopus and Cochrane databases with no restrictions on country, study period, study design and language.Setting: ED are beverages high in caffeine, sugar and other stimulants.Participants: A total of 2008 studies were identified and reviewed by four researchers. Ninety-four met the inclusion criteria and were extracted in a table designed ad hoc.Results: The included studies showed differences regarding their design, definition of consumption and time frame under study. The most studied frequency of ED consumption was weekly consumption, and the most studied population was school students. An increase in the prevalence of consumption was observed when tracking ED consumption over time. Variables most related to consumption were low socio-economic status, alcohol and tobacco consumption, physical activity, age and sex.Conclusions: It is difficult to have a clear picture of the extent of ED consumption in Europe, mainly due to differences in the design of the studies and the lack of periodicity of the estimates in different countries. However, given the health problems that have been associated with ED consumption, regulation of these beverages is essential, especially in youth.
PB Cambridge University Press
SN 1368-9800
YR 2025
FD 2025-05-19
LK https://hdl.handle.net/10347/42826
UL https://hdl.handle.net/10347/42826
LA eng
NO Teijeiro A, Mourino N, García G, Candal-Pedreira C, Rey-Brandariz J, Guerra-Tort C, Mascare˜nas-García M, Montes-Martínez A, Varela-Lema L, and Pérez-Ríos M (2025). Prevalence and characterisation of energy drink consumption in Europe: a systematic review. Public Health Nutrition 28: e119, 1–46. doi: 10.1017/ S1368980025100463
NO This work was supported by a project of the National Plan on Drugs (code 2022I006).
DS Minerva
RD 24 abr 2026