RT Journal Article
T1 Understanding the chemical and mineralogical composition of commercial henna and jagua tattoos and dyes—a multi‑analytical approach
A1 Rubio Lareu, Laura
A1 Costa, Mafalda Barrocas Dias Teixeira da
A1 Barrulas, Pedro
A1 Lores Aguín, Marta
A1 García Jares, Carmen María
A1 Barrocas Dias (anteriormente Teixeira da Costa), Cristina Maria
K1 Henna
K1 Jagua
K1 Natural pigments
K1 h-XRF
K1 XRD
K1 VP-SEM–EDS
AB Temporary tattoos and dyes constitute a great analytical challenge in relation to the regulatory control of their ingredients. Most of these commercial products are not labeled according to their content and their chemical nature is highly diverse. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze these complex samples to evaluate the potential presence of metallic impurities, to ensure the safety of cosmetic products contributing to health protection. This study proposes a multi-analytical methodology, which includes handheld X-ray fluorescence (h-XRF) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD), complemented by variable pressure scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X‐ray spectrometry (VP-SEM–EDS) to fully characterize 34 commercial samples of jagua and henna tattoos and dyes. The approach allowed the identification of the main constituents providing complementary compositional data and differences between sample types were established. In addition, information on the degree of natural pigments homogeneity was also obtained. The results’ discussion considering the current European cosmetics regulation may be useful to support the drafting of safety requirements and specific regulation
PB Springer
SN 1618-2642
YR 2022
FD 2022
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10347/29152
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10347/29152
LA eng
NO Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry (2022) 414:6233–6246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-022-04194-1
NO Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This research was supported by project ED431B 2020/06 (Galician Competitive Research Groups, Xunta de Galicia, Spain). The authors L. R. and C. G.-J. belong to the CRETUS Strategic Partnership (ED431E 2018/01). All these programs are co-funded by FEDER (EU). Xunta de Galicia provided predoctoral contract (ED481A-2018/227) and Erasmus + program provided mobility grant for L.R. This work has also been financially supported by the UIDB/04449/2020 and UIDP/04449/2020 projects, funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) and by the European Regional Development Fund
DS Minerva
RD 28 abr 2026