RT Journal Article T1 Skill Levels on Visualization and Spatial Reasoning in Pre-service Primary Teachers A1 Fernández Blanco, María Teresa A1 Díaz Godino, Juan A1 González Sequeiros, Pablo A1 Diego Mantecón, José Manuel K1 Visualization and Spatial Reasoning K1 Mathematics Education K1 Onto-Semiotic Approach K1 Pre-service Teachers AB We apply theoretical tools from theonto-semiotic approach to present skill levels on tasksrequiring visualization and spatial reasoning. These scalesare derived from the analysis of visualization and spatialreasoning skills involved in solving a questionnairesupplied to 400 pre-service primary teachers. In order to setskill levels, we describe different types of cognitiveconfigurations considering the network of mathematicalobjects involved in solving the items. The results show thatthere may be several configurations at each level and thelevels depend on both certain conditions of the task and thevisualization skills required. In most cases, the ratio ofstudents expressing high level is significantly below thanthose of exhibiting low level. The analysis manifests thatstudents put into play variety and quantity of visual objectsand processes; however, most did not reach the solutionsuccessfully. This leads to the need for specific trainingactions. PB Horizon Research Publishing Corporation SN 2332-3205 YR 2019 FD 2019 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10347/24820 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10347/24820 LA eng NO Blanco, T. F., Godino, J. D., Sequeiros, P. G., & Diego Mantecón, J. M. (2019). Skill levels on visualization and spatial reasoning in pre-service primary teachers. NO This work was funded by the Spanish FEDER/ Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities – Research Agency/ project EDU2017_84979-R, and the European Erasmus + program (2019-1-CZ01-KA201-061377) DS Minerva RD 28 abr 2026