RT Journal Article
T1 Consistency of Gender Differences in Bullying in Cross-Cultural Surveys
A1 Smith, Peter K.
A1 López Castro, Leticia
A1 Robinson, Susanne
A1 Görzig, Anke
K1 Bully
K1 Victim
K1 Survey
K1 Gender
K1 Culture
AB Many studies have reported on gender differences in bully and victim rates, but with the majority of reports from a small number of countries. Here we report on such gender differences from five large cross-national data bases. We report on overall male:female (M:F) ratios, and variations in these by age (or grade), by survey time point, and by offline/online bullying. We also compare consistency of M:F ratios across countries, over the five surveys. The preponderance of male perpetrators of bullying is found consistently across surveys, and survey time point. It is also consistent by age, but HBSC data suggest a curvilinear trend in early adolescence. Males also tend to more frequently be victims of bullying, consistent across age and survey time point, but with variations by survey. There is some indication of a decrease in M:F ratio recently in mid-adolescence, possibly related to online bullying. At least relatively, females are more involved as victims of online than offline bullying. Comparing recent findings on M:F ratio across countries for the five surveys, correlations vary from high to near zero. Implications for the explanation of gender differences in different countries, the comparability of data from different surveys, and for gender-specific interventions, are discussed.
PB Elsevier
YR 2019
FD 2019-03
LK https://hdl.handle.net/10347/40452
UL https://hdl.handle.net/10347/40452
LA eng
NO Aggression and Violent Behavior Volume 45, March–April 2019, Pages 33-40
DS Minerva
RD 28 abr 2026