RT Journal Article T1 Digital Tools and Personal Learning Environments: An Analysis in Higher Education A1 García Martínez, José Antonio A1 Rosa-Napal, Francisco-César A1 Romero Tabeayo, Isabel A1 López-Calvo, Sara A1 Fuentes Abeledo, Eduardo José K1 ICT K1 Personal learning environment K1 Web 2.0 K1 University students K1 Formal education K1 Higher education AB The effective use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) and the discussion surrounding its educational contributions in formal settings are key elements in the analysis of personal learning environments (PLE). The aim of this study was to analyze the tools that students use to access information, create content, and share and interact in the framework of higher education.The study took a quantitative approach, using an ex post facto, transactional design. Data collection was via the application of a questionnaire to a stratified probabilistic sample (n = 1187) of university students on di erent courses at the National University (Costa Rica). Analysis of the data showedmoderate use of tools in students’ PLEs. Students made more frequent use of resources aimed at accessing information, followed by applications for sharing and interacting, and, to a lesser extent, content creation. We also found significant differences in the use of tools depending on sex, previouseducation in technology, and academic performance. We recommend the inclusion of open, flexible learning strategies in university education which incorporate the various technological resources available in the digital era to ensure the development of PLEs and lifelong learning. PB MDPI YR 2020 FD 2020 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10347/23365 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10347/23365 LA eng NO García-Martínez J-A, Rosa-Napal F-C, Romero-Tabeayo I, López-Calvo S, Fuentes-Abeledo E-J. Digital Tools and Personal Learning Environments: An Analysis in Higher Education. Sustainability. 2020; 12(19):8180 NO This article was produced within the research framework: “Ecologías de aprendizaje en la era digital: nuevas oportunidades para la formación del profesorado de educación secundaria” (Learning ecologies in the digital age: new opportunities for secondary education teacher training) (ECO4LEARN-SE), partially financed by the Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities (Reference RTI2018-095690-B-I00) DS Minerva RD 28 abr 2026